Nutrients in Immunity Flashcards
What are the 4 major components of the immune system?
- Skin
- Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT)
- White blood cells (WBCs)
- Lymphoid tissue
What is a nearly continuous barrier to invading pathogens?
Skin
What are the 2 main types of white blood cells (WBCs)?
- Phagocytes
2. T and B cells
Which type of white blood cell ingests and digests pathogens?
Phagocytes
Which type of white blood cell is a lymphocyte that recognizes specific pathogens and mounts immune responses?
T and B cells
What are the 3 lymphoid tissues in the body?
- Bone marrow
- Thymus
- Spleen
Which lymphoid tissue produces immune stem cells?
The bone marrow
Which lymphoid tissue is the location of T cell maturation?
The thymus
Which lymphoid tissue has an abundance of macrophages?
The spleen
What percentage of the immune system does the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) make up?
70%
What is an anti-bacteria agent?
Lysozyme
What does the skin secrete?
Lysozyme
Which lymphoid tissue is the site of B cell maturation?
The bone marrow
Which lymphoid tissue clears damaged RBCs?
The spleen
What are rapidly dividing cells in the body?
Immune cells
Which nutrients are needed to maintain immune cells?
Protein, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12 and iron
Which 2 vitamins work together to regulate gene expression in immune cells?
Vitamin D and vitamin A
Which vitamin promotes immune cell division?
Vitamin D
Why are antioxidants important to the health of WBCs?
They protect the oxidizing agents that kill pathogens
True vitamin A is only found in what type of food?
Animal food
What is the molecule that is found in plant foods that can be converted to vitamin A?
Carotenoids
How effective is the conversion of carotenoids?
Not effective
What are animal sources of true vitamin A?
Liver, egg yolks and full fat dairy