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Human Nutrition > Evolution of the Human Diet > Flashcards

Evolution of the Human Diet Flashcards

1
Q

What are substances obtained from food that are vital for growth and maintenance of a healthy body throughout life?

A

Nutrients

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2
Q

Do we need large or small quantities of macronutrients per day?

A

We need large

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3
Q

Do we need large or small quantities of micronutrients per day?

A

We need small

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4
Q

Do macronutrients or micronutrients supply energy to the body?

A

Macronutrients

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5
Q

List some examples of macronutrients

A

Carbohydrates, fat and protein

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6
Q

List some examples of micronutrients

A

Vitamins and minerals

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7
Q

What is a nutrient that must be obtained through the diet in order for the body to function properly?

A

An Essential Nutrient

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8
Q

Can the body produce essential nutrients?

A

No

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9
Q

What is the ratio derived by dividing a food’s micronutrient content by its calorie content?

A

Nutrient Density

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10
Q

What is a comparison of the calorie content of a food with the weight of the food?

A

Energy Density

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11
Q

Which foods are considered energy dense?

A

The foods with the highest calories that weigh the least

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12
Q

What is the most extensive study of the human diet?

A

The history of man

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13
Q

Who conducted the history of man?

A

Weston A. Price

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14
Q

What is the scientific name for bipedal ape?

A

Hominid

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15
Q

What is our closest living primate relative?

A

Chimpanzee

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16
Q

What are the 3 vital nutrients to brain development?

A

DHA, EPA, and Cholesterol

17
Q

How long ago did we transition to agriculture?

A

10,000 years ago

18
Q

What are the 3 advantages of agriculture?

A
  1. Larger population
  2. Long term food supply
  3. People were prepared for challenging times
19
Q

What are 4 disadvantages of agriculture?

A
  1. More demand on environment
  2. Pollution and overcrowding
  3. Smaller Brain size
  4. Malnutrition
20
Q

List 4 foods that are agricultural foods

A
  1. Cereal grains
  2. Potatoes
  3. Soy and beans
  4. Dairy
21
Q

List examples of cereal grains

A

Corn, wheat, rice, oats, and barley

22
Q

List 5 examples of industrial foods

A
  1. Refined sugars
  2. Refined grains
  3. Industrial Seed Oils
  4. Hydrogenated Oils
  5. High fructose corn syrup
23
Q

List examples of refined sugars

A

Sugar cane and beet sugar

24
Q

List an example of refined grains

A

White flour

25
Q

List examples of industrial seed oil

A

Canola oil, corn oil, soybean oil, safflower oil

26
Q

List examples of hydrogenated oils

A

Margarine and vegetable shortening

27
Q

How long ago did we start eating industrial food?

A

200 years ago

28
Q

What percentage of our modern diet consists of foods we have only been eating for the blink of an eye on an evolutionary scale?

A

70%

Human Nutrition (21 decks)

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