Nutri Gastro Module

Question 1

are tubes made up of plastic materials which are inserted through the nares
to pass through the posterior oropharynx, down the esophagus, and finally into the stomach
(Sigmon & An, 2021).

Answer 1

Nasogastric Tubes

Question 2

NGT serve other purposes such as:

Answer 2

• Gavage
• Lavage
  -Decompression

Question 3

to administer feeding formula or medications to patients that are unable to
tolerate oral intake

Answer 3

Gavage

Question 4

to immediately drain out stomach contents. This is usually done if the patient
has ingested toxic substances such as poison or corrosive fluids.

Answer 4

Lavage

Question 5

to prevent distention by continuously evacuating stomach contents

Answer 5

Decompression

Question 6

• A Single- lumen (only one hole) tube primarily used for feedings

-The most prominent feature of this tube is its orange cap which can accommodate the
tip of the asepto syringe

Answer 6

Levin Tube

Question 7

Levin Tube is measured in

Answer 7

French (FR)

Question 8

• Double- lumen (Two holes) tube mainly used for decompression.

-Blue pigtail serves as air vent that prevents adherence of the tube to the gastric mucosa. If the
tube adheres to the wall of the stomach, suction will be ineffective.

Answer 8

Salem-Sump Tube

Question 9

This tubes may serve similar purposes as nasogastric tubes, but they are longer
since the tip of the tube reaches the intestinal tract, specifically the small intestine.

Answer 9

Naso-Intestinal Tubes

Question 10

What are the two most commonly used naso-intestinal tubes?

Answer 10

-Cantor tube
-Miller- abbot Tube

Question 11

Single- lumen tube with a reservoir for 5 to 10 mL of mercury located at its tip, below the
level of the drainage holes.

Answer 11

Cantor Tube

Question 12

Double- lumen nasoenteric tube used for decompression

Answer 12

Miller-Abbot Tube

Question 13

General nursing interventions for naso- intestinal tubes:

Answer 13

After insertion of naso- intestinal tubes, turn patient to the RIGHT side. This facilitates passage
of tube to the duodenum.

Question 14

is a method of giving nutrition directly into the gastrointestinal tract when the
patient cannot take in food by mouth (Fischer et al., 2013)

Answer 14

Enteral Feeding

Question 15

Also called gastric gavage

Answer 15

Nasogastric Tube Feeding

Question 16

Position for nasogastric tube feeding

Answer 16

Semi-fowlers to high-fowlers position

Question 17

NGT Placement

Answer 17

• X-ray- BEST method
  o Check pH of Gastric secretions (Should be acidic with pH of 1-3) o Note color of
  aspirate (greenish or yellowish)
  o Introduce 10 mL of air into NGT and auscultate epigastric area for gurgling sound

Question 18

A procedure in which an opening is created into the stomach either for the purpose of
administering nutrition, fluids, and medications via a feeding tube, or for gastric
decompression

Answer 18

Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG)

Question 19

Preferred way of enteral feeding for nutritional support of greater than 4 weeks

Answer 19

Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG)

Question 20

A surgically placed opening in the jejunum for the purpose of administering nutrition,
fluids, and medications

Answer 20

Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy

Question 21

Refers to a method of providing nutrients to the body by an intravenous (IV)
route, by passing the gastrointestinal tract.

Answer 21

Parenteral Nutrition

Question 22

Primary purpose: to administer glucose

Answer 22

Total Parenteral Nutrition

Question 23

is a solution used to distend the intestine and irritate intestinal mucosa which
increases peristalsis and the excretion of feces and flatus

Answer 23

Enema

Question 24

Used to evacuate fecal matter

Answer 24

Cleansing Enema

Question 25

• Given to cleanse as much of the colon as possible
• Height of solution is 12 to 18 inches
• Initially, the patient lies in left lateral position the moves into dorsal recumbent and
  finally assumes right lateral position. This allows the solution to follow the entire course
  of the large intestines

Answer 25

High cleansing enema

Question 26

Given to cleanse the rectum and sigmoid colon only
- Height of solution is 3 inches
- Position: left lateral position throughout the procedure

Answer 26

Low cleansing enema

Question 27

Primarily given to expel flatus
- Small volume (60 to 80 mL) of enema solution is given to distend rectum and colon, thus
stimulating peristalsis

Answer 27

Carminative enema

Question 28

are used to treat local infections in the anorectal and/or
sigmoid area

Answer 28

Antibiotic Retention Enemas

Question 29

Are used to kill worms and intestinal parasites

Answer 29

Anthelminthic Retention ENemas

Question 30

Used to expel flatus and relieve abdominal distention

• 100 to 200 mL of enema solution is introduced into the rectum and sigmoid colon. Then, the
  fluid is drawn out by lowering the container below the level of the bowel. This brings the flatus
  out with the fluid.