NURS 175- Nutrition

Question 1

Anthropometry

Answer 1

good nutrition and activity prevent disease and increase well-being

Question 2

Populations causing BMI inaccuracy

Answer 2

• pregnant
• children
• athletes
• elderly
• body-builders

Question 3

Pear Shaped

Answer 3

• gynoid

- harder to lose weight

Question 4

Apple Shaped

Answer 4

• easier to lose weight
• android
• more dangerous (fat over organs)

Question 5

BMI Values

1. Underweight
2. Overweight
3. Obese (I)
4. Obese (II)
5. Morbidly Obese

Answer 5

1. <18.5
2. 25-29.9
3. 30-34.9
4. 35-39.9
5. > 40.0
   * goes up by 5

Question 6

Changes in Elderly

Answer 6

• reduced saliva
• increased taste threshold
• decreased taste threshold
• decreased thirst sensation
• reduced gag reflex
• decreased peristalsis
• increased use of medications
• early satiety
• impaired smell and taste perception

Question 7

Xerostomia

Answer 7

dry mouth

Question 8

What increases the risk of osteoporosis

Answer 8

• calcium
• vitamin D
• phosphorous

Question 9

What are the three classes of carbohydrates and how are they absorbed

Answer 9

1. Monosaccharides
   - absorbed as is (glucose and fructose)
2. Disaccharides
   - broken down before absorbed (sucrose, maltose, lactose)
3. Polysaccharides (complex)
   - not sweet (too large)
   - starch, glycogen, fiber

Question 10

What is the funciton of carbs in our bodies

Answer 10

• metabolism
• energy for cells
• glycemic index

Question 11

What are sources of carbs

Answer 11

• starchy veggies
• refined grains
• whole grains
• green veggies and carrots
• milk

Question 12

What re the two classes of fibre, are they soluble in water, and what do they do?

Answer 12

1. Soluble (barly, legumes etc.)
   - dissolves in water
   - protects from cardio disease
   - feeling of fullness
2. Insoluble (bran, veggies etc.)
   - does not dissolve in water
   - elimination of waste

Question 13

Fat is the most _____ nutrient.

Answer 13

calorically dense

Question 14

High Density Lipo-Proteins (HDL)

Answer 14

• lower blood cholesterol

- reduce risk of heart attack

Question 15

Low Density Lipo-Proteins (LDL)

Answer 15

• increased cholesterol and plaque

Question 16

Side Effect of Iron Supplements

Answer 16

• black feces

Question 17

Too much sodium can lead to…

Answer 17

• high blood pressure
• stroke
• heart disease
• osteoporosis
• stomach cancer

Question 18

The Salty Six

Answer 18

1. Turkey
2. Burgers
3. Processed Meats
4. White bread
5. Pizza
6. Soup

Question 19

Basic Metabolic Rate (BMR)

Answer 19

• energy needed to maintain life-sustaining activities

Question 20

Resting Energy Expenditure

Answer 20

• baseline energy requirement

Question 21

Nutrient Density

Answer 21

• proportion of essential nutrients to the number of kilocaleries

Question 22

High Nutrient Density

Answer 22

• more nutrients than kilocalories

Question 23

Low Nutrient Density

Answer 23

• high in kilocalories low in nutrients

Question 24

Functional Foods

Answer 24

• biologically active ingredients added

Question 25

Fortified Foods

Answer 25

- additional vitamins or minerals added

Question 26

Novel or GMO

Answer 26

- inserting genes of one organism to another

Question 27

Heart Healthy

Answer 27

low fat

Question 28

Renal Diet

Answer 28

low sodium and protein

Question 29

Pureed is useful for

Answer 29

dysphagia