Micro- Ch 11 Flashcards
Name the five categories within Proteobacteria
- Alpha
- Beta
- Gamma
- Delta
- Epsilon
What is one example of Alphaproeobacteria?
Ricksettsia rickettsii
What are two examples of Betaproteobacteria?
1. Bordettella (respiratory disease in animals) 2 Neisseria (gonnorrhae)
What are two examples of Neisseria?
- N. gonnorrhaea
2. N. cocci
What are five examples of Gammaproteobacteria?
- Pseudomonodales
- Legionellales
- Vibrionales
- Enteriobacteriales
- Pasteurellales
What are two examples of pseudomonodales?
- P. aeruginosa
2. Maraxella lacunta
What are two examples of Legionellales?
- L. pneumophilia (Leihonnaires’ disease)
2. Coxiella burnetti (Q fever)
What are three examples of Enteriobacteriales?
- Escherichia coli (E-coli)
- Salmonella
- Shingella
What is an example of Pasteurellales?
Hemophilus influenza (memingitis)
What are four categories within Non-Proteobacteria?
- Chlamydiae
- Bacteriodetes
- Fusobacteria
- Spirochaetes
What are two categories within epsilonproteobacteria?
- Campylobacter
2. Helicoptor
What are the two types of Gram-ve Eubacteria?
- Proteobacteria
2. Non-Proteobacteria
What are the two types of Gram+ve Eubacteria?
- Firmicutes (Low G+C)
2. Actinobacteria (High G+C)
What are the four categories within Firmicutes?
- Clostridiales
- Bacillales
- Lactobacillales
- Mycoplasma
What are four examples of Clostridales Firmicutes?
- C. tetani
- C. perfringes (food poisoning)
- C. botulinum (food poisoning)
- C. diff
What are two examples of Bacillales?
- Bacillus anthracis (anthrax)
2. Staphylococcus aureus
What are three examples of Lactobacillales Firmicutes?
- L. sp
- Streptococcus
- S. pyogenes (TSS, necrotic fasciitis, reumatic/scarlet fever)
- S. mutans (gingivitis)
- S. pneumoniae
- Enterococcus
- E. faecalis
- E. faecium (neonatal meningitis, endocarditis)
What is an example of Mycoplasma?
M. pneumoniae
What are the three examples of Actinobacteria?
- Myobacterium
- Cornybacterium
- Propionibacterium acnes
Is proteobacteria gram+ve or gram-ve?
gram-ve
Ricksettia ricksetti
- grame-ve
- proteobacteria
- alpha
- parasite
- passed on by ticks
- attacks cardiovascular system
- causes spotted fever
- bacilli or coccobaccilli
Bordetella pertussis
- beta
- proteobacteria
- gram-ve
- rods
- aerobic
- capsule
- pertussis (whooping cough)
Neisseria gonnorrheae
- proteobacteria
- beta
- gram-ve
- gonnorrheae
- aerobic
- capsule
- fimbrae
Neisseria cocci
- meningitis
- capsule
In what age group is meningitis most common?
- college students
Pseudomonadales aeruginosa
- rods
- flagella (mono or lopho)
- aerophile
- produce pigment (blue-green)
- can cause UTI
- grows on burn wounds
- grow in quads
- grow in abtibodies aniseptis
- grow on foods
Moraxella lacunta
- coccobacillus
- conjunctivitis
- gamma
- pseudomonodales
Legionella pneumophile
- rod
- spread by water
- causes pneumonia (mild or fatal)
- gamma
Coxiella burnetti
- rod
- spreads through endospores
- causes pneumonia
- legionellales
- gamma
Vibrionales
- move with flagella
- cause cholera
- facultative anaerobe
- gamma
Enteriobacteriales all…
- rods
- facultative anaerobes
- flagella (peri-trichous)
- attach to intestine using fimbrae
- use pilus
- produce bacteriocins
Escherichia coli
- “coliform”
- gastroenteritis
- traveller’s diarrhea
- UTI
- grows well in lab
- Gamma
Salmonella
- gastroenteritis
- found in food
- gamma
- enteriobacteriales
What is the difference between S. enterica and S. hyphi?
S. e- from food
S. h- human carrier
Shingella
- dysentry
- 10-20 bowel movements
- severe dehydration
- gamma
- enteriobacteriales
Hemophilus influenza
- pasteuralles
- gamma
- not related to flu
- loves blood (grown in blood agar)
- require X-factor needed for aerobic resp, and ETC cytochrome and V-factor (NAD)
- cause meningitis, otitus medi, pneumonia, arthritis, and epiglottis
Helicoptor pylori
- peptic ulcer
- epsilon
- microaerophiles
- peri-trocher
- vibrio
Compylobacter jejuni
- gastroenteritis
- microaerophiles
- monotrichous
- vibrio
- epsilon
Chlamydia tranchomatis
- trachoma
- lympho granuloma
- non- gonnoccal urethritis
- coccobacillus
Life Cycle of Chlamydia tranchomatis
- Elementary Body
- Reticulate Body
- New Elementary Body created
* only stopped with antibiotics
Fusobacteria/ Bacteriodes
- rods
- anaerobe
- oral cavity (gingivitis)
What is the difference between Fusobacteria/ Bacteriodes?
pertionitis present in bac not fus
Spirochetes
- treponema pallidum
- spiral
- hair-like
- cannot grow in lab with live organism (wiggle away)
- often use rabbits for testing as they have the same symptoms as us
Clostridales
- form endospores
- terminal
- rods
anaerobe - carried in soil
Bacillus anthracis
- endospores
- central
- rods
- aerobic or facultative anaerobes
- soil
- bioweapon
Staphylococcus aureus
- bacillus
- cluster
- cocci
- facultative anaerobe
- skin infecton
- TSS
- food poisons
- UTI
- skin flora
Lactobacillus
- obligate fermentors
- in commercial items (cheese/yogurt)
- aerotolerant
- rods
Lactobacillus in Hospitals
- keeps genital region sterile
- increase in quantity in puberty and pregnancy
- disturbance causes UTI (e.g strong soaps)
- acidic
- newborn’s first contact
Streptococcus
- Aerotolerant
- requires blood agar
What is Alpha-Hemolysis?
- green zone
- Hb changes into Meth Hb (causes green colour)
- S mutans, S pneumonia
What is Beta-Hemolysis?
- clear zone
- Rheumatic fever and Scarlet fever grow like this
What strain of Streptococcus does not require blood agar?
S. Mutans
Listeria monocytogenes
- lactobacille
- grow in monocytes
- rods
- facultative anaerobe
- psychotrophs
- milk, feta, salads, brie, sausage, cold cuts
Mycoplasma
- no cell wall
- very contagious with mild symptoms
- fried egg
- pleomorphine
- add sterols (steroid alcohol in membrane allows for membrane fluidity regulation)
- pliable
Why is penicillin useless for Mycoplasma? What is used instead?
- no cell wall
- tetracycline
Myobacterium tuberculosin
- rods
- aerobic
- mycholic acid in waxy lipid layer
- acid fast staining
- nutrients enter slowly
- resistant to dying (spread through body fluids)
- resistant to antibiotics
- resistant to antiseptics
- colonies appear in 4-6 months
Cornybacterium Diotheriae
- rod arranged in picket fence or pleomorphic arrangement
- facultative anaerobe
- diptheria suffocates
- quickly developing
- prevented with DTaP
- metachromatic granules
- store phosphate
Propionibacterium acnes
- rods
- anaerobic
- sebum in acne
- P. species ferments swiss cheese creating flavour and holes
