Micro Ch 24 Flashcards
1
Q
Strep Throat
- Signs&Symptoms
- Diagnostics
- Transmission
- Treatment
- Risks
A
- redness in throat
- pus in throat
- pain
- sometimes tonsilitis
- ottitus media in kids
- positive culture from pus in throat
- talking
- sneezing
- penicillin
- untreated leads to scarlet fever
2
Q
Scarlet Fever
- mechanism of Action
- Signs&Symptoms
A
- exotoxin
- SPE family
- travels through blood
- high fever
- skin rash
- tongue red and swollen
- cheeks are red
3
Q
Ottitus Media
- Vulnerable Population
- Transmission
- Infectious Particle
- Signs&Symptoms
A
- kids
- movement from nose to ear
- pool water
- S. pneumonae
- S. pyogenes
- S. aureus
- viruses
- extreme pain at night that can induce vomiting
4
Q
Diptheria
- Prevention
- Treatment
- Mechanism of Action
- Signs&Symptoms
A
- DTaP
- trach
- tonsil removal
- membrane removal
- exotoxin AB Classic
- enters causing cell protein synthesis and cell death
- fever
- soar throat
- fatigue
- neck swelling
- oozing fluid
- fluid thickens and blocks throat
- suffocation
5
Q
Describe the cutaneous form of diphtheria
A
- skin ulcers form with pseudomembrane
- caused by lack of sanitation or needle use
6
Q
Pertussis
- Attachment
- Prevention
- Caterral Stage
- Exotoxin Stage
- Convalescence Stage
A
- capsule
- DTaP
- booster doses needed
- endotoxin
- fever
- runny nose
- conjunctivitis (bordatella)
- tracheal
- NO release (causing cell death)
- mucus blocks resp tract
- bouts of violent coughing (can cause brain bleed or broken ribs)
- survivors can have epileptic fever
- 4-6 weeks
7
Q
Tuberculosis
- Infectious Particle
- Mechanism of Action
- Severity
- Prevention
- Diagnosis
A
- mycobacterium tuberculosis
- mycolic acid
- progression related to immune response
- BCG
- only available in eastern world
- skin TB test
- uses bacteria protein (D)
- Mantoux
- injected in forearm
- 48-72 hrs then swelling is measured
- good baseline test
8
Q
Tuberculosis: Progression in Healthy Individual
A
- macrophages capture bacteria
- no symptoms
9
Q
Tuberculosis: Progression in Partial Immunocompromised Individual
A
- macrophages can’t destroy all bacteria
- macrophages form wall around bacteria
- lesions form tubercle
- calcified
- GHON complexes
10
Q
Tuberculosis: Progression in Completely Immunocompromised Individual
A
- complete immune failure
- bacilli escape
- “consumption”
- cough up blood
- VERY contagious
11
Q
Tuberculosis: Treatment
A
- *treatment is only available for full, not partial failure
- Isoniazid (low dose to prevent liver harm)
- Ethambutol (no side effects)
- pyrizinamide (low antibiotic resistance)
- rifampin
- streptomyocin (low dose, only used if pt is strong enough)
12
Q
Pneumonia: Typical
- Infectious Particle
- Attachment
- Strains
- Signs&Symptoms
- Risks
- Vulnerable Population
A
- S. pneumonia
- capsule
3. - 90
- capsule
- high fever
- breathing difficulty
- chest pain
- rust coloured sputum
- can be sepecemic
- effects pleural cavity
- can cause meningitis
- COPD
- Diabetes
- kidney disease
- smoking
- HIV
- alcohol
- environmental pollutions
13
Q
Pneumonia: Atypical
- Infectious Particle
- Signs&Symptoms
A
- anything else
- bacteria
- fungi
- virus
- slower onset
- less fever
- chest pain
14
Q
Pneumonia: Atypical, Haemophilus influenzae
A
- smokers
- grows in chocolate agar
- immunocompromised
- young people
15
Q
Pneumonia: Atypical, M. pneumoniae
A
- fried egg
- young people
