NST Chap 23 Flashcards
Psychologist use the term bounded rationality to describe the actual operating state of the
mind
Cognitive bias, the unconscious tendency to allow an initial reference point to distort our estimate, even when the initial reference point is completely arbitrary, is called
Anchoring
Within cognitive bias the most relevant bias is
Confirmation
Cognitive bias, the tendency to judge past events as easily predictable when in fact they were not easily for seen is called
Hindsight
Within cognitive bias, when we attribute more credit to ourselves for group or collaborative outcome than an outside party making an unbiased assessment would is called
Egocentrism
We use frameworks and shortcuts to simplify our understanding of a complex world; the use of the framework that helps us process information quickly and efficiently is known as
Mental frameS
Within prospect theory, the theory that helps explain our tendency to escalate commitment based on a sunk cost instead of making rational valuation based on how things exist today is the
Prospect theory
When decision makers choose courses of action they are not evaluating a whole series of alternatives and are not selecting solutions based on objective analysis they are using what
Intuition
When decision makers are operating in challenging or ambiguous situation, highly experienced professionals often have relation to the events called
Intuition
The number of steps the simple process used for communicating intuitive decision, seeking feedback, and conveying intent is
5
Very powerful decision making tools, often the greatest innovative breakthrough occur when analogies from one field or domain are applied to another, is termed as
Analogies
The critical thinking trap inherent in the use of analogy is that they can lead us to focus on the similarity between events and downplay important what
DifferenceS
The objective technique to clearly separate fact from assumption and then probe your presumptions carefully are known as
Takeaways
The type of wisdom that holds that groups make better decisions than individuals because they draw from a diverse base of talent and experience is called
Conventional
Within wisdom of groups, to be effective groups of non-experts must be decentralized and
Contain members who are independent
When tremendous pressure, within the team for conformity and a desire for unanimity drive decision-making at the expense of true critical thinking it is known as
Group think
Within groups, especially long-standing groups, individuals often self censor based on a desire to avoid becoming
Ostracized and marginalized
A key aspect of managing the decision process is to stimulate
Cognitive conflict
Within take-away, decision makers must ensure that they are not structuring their decision process to minimize conflict at the expense of
Critical Thinking
Within inability to decide, indecision resulting from dysfunctional patterns of behavior manifest itself as one of the three
Organizational cultures
Within inability to decide, one of the harmful organizational cultures differentiates between the use of a ‘devils advocate’ and the culture of
No
Within inability to decide, one of the harmful organizational cultures is that decision makers work to gather as much information as possible , so much so that they become trapped in ‘analysis paralysis’ is the culture of
Maybe
The process by which a decision is made significantly influences implementation and follow through of the
Solution
Within take away, procedural legitimacy in decision making occurs when the decision process is perceived to be in line with an organization’s socially accepted norms and
Desired behavior
