NS. central nervous system

Question 1

what is the central nervous system made up of and where does it lie?

Answer 1

brain
spinal cord
lies within skull and vertebrae canal

Question 2

what meanings is the CNS covered by?

Answer 2

dura mater (outer)
arachnoid membrane (middle)
pia mater (inner)

Question 3

name the 5 segments of the spinal chord?

Answer 3

cervical
thoracic
lumbar
sacral
coccygeal

Question 4

what does the white and grey matter contain in the spinal chord?

Answer 4

grey - neuron cell bodies and some axons
white - nerve axons (myelinated)

Question 5

name the roots in the spinal chord?

Answer 5

front = ventral
back = dorsal

Question 6

what does dorsal horn grey matter contain and where is it found?

Answer 6

dorsal or posterior part of spinal chord

contains cell bodies of second order sensory neurons

Question 7

where is ventral horn grey matter found and what does it contain?

Answer 7

ventral or anterior part of spinal chord

contains cel bodies of motor neurons

Question 8

how do motor neuron axons leave the spinal chord?

Answer 8

via ventral nerve roots

Question 9

why is there a difference in white:grey matter in different regions of the spinal chord?

Answer 9

more white matter in cervical and thoracic regions (as there is more nerves present as u get closer to the brain)
more grey matter in cervical and lumbar regions (as there is organs present)

Question 10

describe the roots in and out of the spinal chord?

Answer 10

sensory axons bring in to white matter and terminate at dorsal horn

motor axons leave ventral horn towards there motor function (for glands and muscles)

Question 11

what does the interneuron connect?

Answer 11

dorsal and ventral horn bypassing brain for quick response

Question 12

describe the white and grey matter of the brain?

Answer 12

white matter on inner portion
grey matter on outer portion

Question 13

name 3 sections of the brain?

Answer 13

forebrain
midbrain
hindbrain

Question 14

what does the forebrain contain?

Answer 14

cerebrum
diencephalon

Question 15

what does the hindbrain contain?

Answer 15

pons
medulla oblongata
cerebellum

Question 16

what does the midbrain control?

Answer 16

visual and auditory reflexes
pain control

Question 17

what does the hindbrain control?

Answer 17

‘vital centres’ regulating breathing, heart, blood vessels etc (medulla)
control balance and posture (cerebellum)

Question 18

what does the thalamus control which is a part of the diencephalon (central brain)?

Answer 18

sensory processing

Question 19

what does the hypothalamus control which is a part of the diencephalon (central brain)?

Answer 19

homeostasis eg. thermoregulation
hormone production
pituitary gland (hormones)
motivation, emotional response

Question 20

what is the function of the cerebrum in the forebrain?

Answer 20

sensory and motor
- language
- memory
- perceptions
- sensory motor integration
- emotions

Question 21

name the 4 lobes of the brain?

Answer 21

frontal
temporal
parietal
occipitial

Question 22

what are the functions of the nervous system?