NPTE Reading Week 2 Flashcards
Diaphragmatic breathing purpose
increase ventilation
improve gas exchange
decrease workload
facilitate relaxation
improve mobility of chest wall
obstructive and restrictive pulmonary disease
excessive secretions
tachypnea
post-op care
not best for chronic pulmonary dysfunction
diaphragmatic breathing procedure
Patient supine, seated, or semi-fowler w/ PPT
Gentle pressure against subcostal angle of thorax
Pt inhales against resistance of hand, pressure then released to allow for full inhalation
3x sniff can engage diaphragm
lateral costal breathing
asymmetrical chest wall expansion
relieves localized lung consolidation or secretions
most commonly in sidelying position, uninvolved side down, arm of involved side abducted over head
segmental breathing
improve ventilation to hypoventilated lung segment
pleuritic, incisional, posttrauma pain that decreases movement in thorax. also for atelectasis
procedure: apply pressure to area of hypoventilation in position that facilitates inhalation to certain segment; pt inhales against resistance
sustained maximal inspiration (SMI) or inspiratory hold
increase inhaled volume, restore functional residual capacity
used in acute situations
procedure: inhale slowly through pursed lips or nose to max inhalation, hold for 3 seconds
incentive spirometers
encourage deep inhalation
help achieve max inspiration during SMI
prevent alveolar collapse
commonly used after surgery
pursed lip breathing
increase TV, reduce RR, reduce dyspnea, facilitate relaxation
used for obstructive disease + dyspnea at rest
positive pressure helps prevent airway collapse
used to slow RR and decrease resistive pressure
procedure: slowly inhale through nose, passively exhale through pursed lips for 4-6 sec
stacked breathing
series of deep breaths built without expiration to max inhalation
hypoventilation, atelectasis, ineffective cough, uncoordinated breathing patterns during ADLs
upper chest inhibition technique
used only after all other techniques have been attempted
pressure applied to limit chest excursion, increase pressure each time
abdominal support for breathing
used when the abdominal muscles cannot provide necessary support for passive exhalation (high thoracic or cervical SCI)
make sure binder does not restrict inhalation
glossopharyngeal breathing
air gulping
can be taught to assist coughing
good for high-level cervical spine SCI
colles fracture
distal radius fx
FOOSH
dorsal, posterior displacement
“dinner fork” deformity
presentation:
pain, swelling, deformity
limited ROM
tenderness over distal radius
complications: CRPS, decreased grip strength, loss of ROM, CTS, extensor pollicus longus tear
x-ray for diagnosis
smith fracture (reverse colles)
distal radius fx
fall onto back of flexed hand
palmar, anterior displacement
garden spade deformity
