Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NPTE > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

Skin function

A

Protection, insulation, holds organs together, sensation, fluid balance, temperature control, absorb UV, metabolize vitamin D, synthesize epidermal lipids

15-20% body weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Components of epidermis

A

Most superficial layer

keratinocytes, melanocytes, langerhans cells, basal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Components of dermis

A

Middle layer

collagen, reticulum, fibroblasts, macrophages, lymphatic glands, blood vessels, nerve fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Skin receptor function: meissner’s corpuscles

A

detect light touch and texture

dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Skin receptor function: merkel disks

A

detect light touch, texture, pressure

dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Skin receptor function: pacinian corpuscles

A

detect deep pressure and vibration

hypodermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Skin receptor function: ruffini endings

A

detect warmth, stretch, deformation within joints

hypodermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Skin receptor function: free nerve endings

A

detect pain, temperature, touch, pressure, tickle and itch

epidermis and dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Skin receptor function: krause end bulbs

A

detect cold

dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Herpes zoster

A

Shingles

Initial sxs of pain and paraesthesia localized to affected dermatome

Painful rash w/ clusters of fluid filled vesicles
Mostly unilateral
Raised to palpation <2 mm height
Pink with silvery white appearance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which CNs are affected by herpes zoster

A

CN 5 - trigeminal most common

CN 7 - facial
CN 8 - vestibulocochlear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Precautions for herpes zoster

A

Airborne, contagious
Wear gloves and mask

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Herpes simplex virus type 1 vs type 2

A

HSV-1 = anything above waist
HSV-2 = anything below waist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Venous insufficiency

A

inadequate drainage of venous blood from a body part, usually resulting in edema and/or skin abnormalities and ulcerations

blood accumulates in LE
wet skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Arterial insufficiency

A

refers to lack of adequate blood flow to a region of a body

decreased blood to limb, pale/dry skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Venous insufficiency clinical presentation

A

Location: proximal to medial malleolus

Appearance:
irregular, shallow
flaking/brownish discoloration
hemosiderin staining
wet wound

Mild to mod pain
Elevation to decrease pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Arterial insufficiency clinical presentation

A

Location: lower 1/3 of leg, toe, dorsum of foot, lateral malleolus

Appearance:
smooth edges, well defined, deep
thin, shiny
hair loss, yellow nails, dry skin

Severe pain
Intermittent claudication
Elevation increases pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Intermittent claudication scale

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Stage 1 pressure ulcer

A

Intact skin with non-blanchable redness

20
Q

Stage 2 pressure ulcer

A

Partial thickness wound
Superficial w/ pink/red wound bed
Shallow crater

21
Q

Stage 3 pressure ulcer

A

Full thickness wound
Subcutaneous fat visible
No visible bone
Tendon/muscle may be exposed
Deep crater
Slough/eschar present
Undermining/tunneling may occur

FAT = 3 letter word = stage 3

22
Q

Stage 4 pressure ulcer

A

Full thickness w/ exposed bone, tendon, or muscle.
Slough/eschar present
Undermining/tunneling often occur

BONE = 4 letter word = stage 4

23
Q

Unstageable pressure ulcer

A

Wound bed covered with slough/eschar (unable to identify depth)

24
Q

Deep tissue injury

A

Intact skin
Purple maroon appearance

25
Q

Wound examination

A

Location and size:
length x width x depth using a disposable ruler
q-tip for depth

characteristics:
granulation tissue = viable
necrotic tissue = non-viable

drainage and color

edges:
thick or thin = indurated
rolled = epibole

periwound = area surrounding wound

26
Q

Transudate drainage

A

clear
thin, watery

27
Q

Serosanguineous drainage

A

clear or tinge of red/brown
thin, watery
normal and indicates healing

28
Q

serous drainage

A

clear, amber
thin, watery

29
Q

sanguineous drainage

A

bloody, bright red
indicates inflamed wound

30
Q

pus drainage

A

yellow, brown
mod to very thick

31
Q

infected pus drainage

A

hues of yellow, blue, green
thick, usually indicates infection
foul smelling

32
Q

Maceration

A

Moist wound, edges and periwound are wet

white, friable, overhydrated, wrinkled skin

cause: inappropriate wound care, uncontrolled wound drainage, perspiration, incontinence

33
Q

Dessication

A

Wound lacks moisture

cracked, dry/flaky edges, tissue within wound bed hard or crusty

causes: inappropriate wound care, inadequate moisture, infection, dehydration

34
Q

Most appropriate initial cleaning application for wound

A

sterile normal saline

35
Q

Selective debridement

A

Removal of only nonviable tissue from a wound (<50% necrotic tissue)

Sharp debridement - scalpel, scissors, forceps

Enzymatic debridement - topical application of enzymes

autolytic debridement - use of body’s own mechanism to remove nonviable tissue

*brief intense TENS

36
Q

Nonselective debridement

A

Removal of both nonviable and viable tissues from a wound (>50% necrosis)

Wet to dry dressings - application of moistened gauze over area of necrotic tissue to be completely dried and removed

Wound irrigation - moves necrotic tissue from wound bed using pressurized fluid

hydrotherapy - whirlpool with agitation directed toward a wound requiring debridement

37
Q

Dressings

A

Exudate:
Very mild exudate: Transparent films Minimal exudate: Hydrogel dressing, Hydrocolloid
Moderate exudate: Foams
Heavy exudate: Calcium alginates, Hydrofiber (max capacity)

Infected wounds: Hydrofiber, Hydrogels, Calcium alginates, and Gauze

38
Q

Superficial burn

A

Epidermis

Dry, red skin, no open areas

Heals in 5 days w/o scarring

39
Q

Superficial partial thickness burn

A

Epidermis, some dermis

Mottled red
Intact, weeping blisters
Blanches to pressure with quick
capillary refill
Extremely painful

Heals in 10-14 days
Minimal scarring

40
Q

Deep partial thickness burn

A

Epidermis, dermis

Mixed red and white areas
Blanches to pressure with slow
capillary refill
Decreased pinprick sensation

Can take up to 3 weeks
Large wounds can be managed surgically

41
Q

Full thickness burn

A

Epidermis, dermis, some subcutaneous tissue

Dry, rigid, leathery eschar
Lack of pain, pressure, temperature sensation

Requires more than 3 weeks
Will require surgical closure, may
have contractures

42
Q

Subdermal burn

A

Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissue

Charred, dry and exposed deep
tissue

Requires surgical interventions Amputation and paralysis possible

43
Q

Rule of 9s Adult

A

*LOOK UP
Head 4.5%
Chest 18%
Back 18%
Each side of each arm 4.5%
Each side of each leg 9%
Perineum 1%

44
Q

Rule of 9s children

A

Head 8.5%
Chest 18%
Back 18%
Each side of each arm 4.5%
Each side of each leg 6.5%
Perineum 1%

45
Q

Normal scar

A

Flat and similar to skin color

46
Q

Hypertrophic scar

A

Healed wound w/ thick fibrous tissue that remains w/in original wound border

47
Q

Keloid scar

A

Excessive scar tissue grows outside of original margins of wound

NPTE (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions