November 1 Review Quiz Flashcards
Presence of pus in the pleural cavity
Empyema
Collapse of alveoli
Atelectasis
Bluish discoloration of the skin caused by desaturation of hemoglobin
Cyanosis
PaO2 below normal
Hypoxemia
Coughing up bloody mucus
Hemopysis
Passage of fluid and/or solid particles into the lungs
Aspiration
Hyperventilation causes decreased ____
PaCO2
Presence of fluid in the pleural space is called pleural ____
Effusion
Severe kyphoscoliosis causes ____ chest wall compliance
Decreased
Persons who have difficulty ____ have increased risk for aspiration; aspiration of gastric acid is most likely to cause ____
Swallowing; penumonitis
A person who has pulmonary edema will have ____ to percussion over the lung bases, inspiratory ___, and with severe pulmonary edema, ____ sputum
Dullness; crackles; pink-frothy
Processes that increase capillary permeability can cause ____ pleural effusion, but processes that increase capillary hydrostatic pressure can cause ____ pleural effusion
Exudative; transudatuve
Clinical manifestations of bronchiolitis include tachypnea, ____ cough, use of accessory muscles, ____ fever, and hpoxemia
Nonproductive; low-grade
Silicosis is a ____ respiratory disease; asthma is a ____ respiratory disease
Restrictive; obstructive
Persons who have obstructive respiratory disorders have the most difficulty with ____
Expiration
Clubbing of the fingers is a response to ____ hypoxemia
Chronic
The most common cause of lung cancer is ____; early lung cancer has ____ signs and symptoms
Cigarette smoking; vague
Hemoglobin molecules that have bound oxygen
Oxyhemoglobin
Space between the lungs that contains the heart, great vessels and esophagus
Mediatinum
Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide during cellular metabolism
Respiratiion
Movement of air into and out of the lungs
Ventilation
Structure that connects the larynx to the bronchi
Trachea
Structure that connects the upper and lower airways
Larynx
Dome-shaped major muscle of inspiration
Diaphragm
Substance secreted by type II alveolar cells that helps keep alveoli from collapsing
Surfactant
The structures that participate in gas exchange
Acinus
The conducting airways of the lungs
Bronchi
What goblet cells in the bronchi secrete
Mucus
Where the trachea divides into two main bronchi
Carina
Intercostal muscles used for vigorous inspiration
External
Membrane attached to the eternal side of the lungs
Pleura
A measure of distensibility
Compliance
Fibers that give lung tissue its elasticity
Elastin
Where the bronchi and pulmonary vessels enter the lungs
Hila
Description of normal expiration with regard to muscle effort
Passive
