Ch 12 Cancer Biology Flashcards
Malignant tumor arising from connective tissue
Sarcoma
Malignant tumor of glandular epithelium
Adenocarcinoma
Malignant tumor of fat cells
Liposarcoma
Malignant tumor of skeletal muscles
Rhabdomyosarcoma
Benign tumor of fat cells
Lipoma
Benign tumor of smooth muscle
Leiomyoma
Malignant bone tumor
Osteogenic sarcoma
Benign tumor of skeletal muscle
Rhabdomyoma
Malignant tumor arising from epithelial tissue
carcinoma
Primary liver cancer
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
True of False?
Progression from a benign polyp to a malignant tumor requires multiple mutations.
True.
It takes 4-7 mutations.
Different CA cells from the same tumor can metastasize to (the same location/different locations) because tumors are (heterogeneous/homogeneous) in their cellular composition.
different locations
heterogeneous
(Acute/chronic) inflammation predisposes to development of CA.
Chronic
Characteristics of a Benign Tumor
- well-differentiated cell appearance
- slow rate of growth
- low mitotic index
- slight vascularization
- no ability to metastasize
Characteristics of a Malignant Tumor
- poorly differentiated cell appearance
- rapid rate of growth
- high mitotic index
- may become invasive
- able to metastasize
The immune system (cell-mediated) is important in protecting against cancers caused by specific _______ infections.
viral
Survival of malignant tumors is facilitated by tumor-associated __________ that secrete __________ and other factors that assist cancer cell survival and proliferation.
macrophages
cytokines
Stem cells and cancer cells are ale to divid infinitely because they make the enzyme ___________.
telemorase
True or False?
Cancer is often detected early due to the pain that it causes.
False.
Cancer generally does not cause pain until the tumor is so large that it puts pressure on nerves or causes a lot of tissue destruction or inflammation.
Descibe how chemotherapy threatment may cause temporary anemia.
Chemotherapy destroys some of the cells in the bone marrow that make RBCs, causing the patient to not make enough RBCs, causing chemotherapy induced anemia (CIA).
