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Pathophys McCance SFSU > Ch 8 Adaptive Immunity > Flashcards

Ch 8 Adaptive Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

Plasma cell

A

Antibody producing cell.

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2
Q

T-regulatory cell

A

Cell that suppresses activation of the immune sysytem’s response to self-antigens.

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3
Q

Hapten

A

Small antigen that binds to large molecules and induces an immune response.

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4
Q

Epitope

A

Portion of an antigen that is recognized and bound by an antibody or specific lymphocyte receptor.

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5
Q

Superantigen

A

Molecule that activates many Th2 cell receptors regardless of their antigen specificity by binding in an unusual location.

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6
Q

Pick the correct word: Human MCH (Major Histocompatibility Complex) molecules are known as (APC, HLA) antigens.

A

HLA (human leukocyte antigen)

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7
Q

Pick the correct word: MCH class I molecules present (exogenous, endogenous) antigens, whereas MCH class II molecules present (exogenous, endogenous) antigens.

A

endogenous

exogenous

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8
Q

Pick the correct word: (Dendrite cells, Macrophages) are the most effective in presenting antigen to naive immunocompetent Th cells.

A

Dendritic cells

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9
Q

Pick the correct word:

Physical interactions between B lymphocytes and (Th1, Th2) cells are necessary for B lymphocytes to become activated.

A

Th2

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10
Q

Pick the correct word:

Tissue typing to identify differences in (HLA antigens, dendritic cells) is performed before organ transplant to prevent transplant (mutations, rejection).

A

HLA antigens

rejection

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11
Q

Pick the correct word: Active or Passive

Neonate does not develop an infxn because she has maternal antibodies that she received in breast milk.

A

Passive

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12
Q

Pick the correct word: Active or Passive

Child does not develop an infxn because she has been immunized against it.

A

Active

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13
Q

Pick the correct word: Active or Passive

Man does not develop an infxn because he was infected with that same microorganism previously and recovered.

A

Active

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14
Q

Pick the correct word: Active or Passive

Woman does not develop and infxn because she was given gamma globulin after being exposed to an infected person.

A

Passive

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15
Q

Name the Ig

Most abundant class of Igs; are transported across the placenta.

A

IgG

Remember “G” for greatest number and goo goo gaga for babies. 4Gs for IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4

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16
Q

Name the Ig

Function unknown in blood; are surface receptors on developing B lymphocytes.

A

IgD

Remember “D” for duh, idk what it does.

17
Q

Name the Ig

Active against parasites; are important mediators of allergic responses.

A

IgE

Remember “E” for eeeewww parasites!

18
Q

Name the Ig

Produced during the primary response to antigen; are the largest Igs.

A

IgM

Remember “M” for mega

19
Q

Name the Ig

Has subclasses; one subclass is most abundant in body secretions.

A

IgA

Remember “A” for type A blood secretion.

20
Q

Fill in the blanks:

Th1 cells activate macrophages by secreting _______.

A

cytokines

21
Q

General characteristics of Adaptive Immunity

A
  • works together with inflammation
  • recognizes foreign or non-self substances
  • provides long-term protection slower than innate immunity, BUT more specific
  • has memory
  • end products are: T & B cells, antibodies (immunoglobulins)
22
Q

Know what each section does

A
  • Antigen-binding fragment (Fab)-binds antigen; has two identical fragments.
  • ˜Crystalline fragment (Fc)-Is responsible for biologic function. Activates complement and opsonization.
  • ˜Polypeptide chains (four)-Two light chains and two heavy chains are held together with disulfide bonds. Heavy chain determines the type of antibody.
23
Q

CD4+ cells are:

A) T helper cells

B) cytotoxic T cells

C) Macrophages

D) B cells

E) all of the above

A

A) T helper cells

24
Q

Active vs. Passive Immunity

A

Active Immunity

  • Antibodies or T cells are produced after either a natural exposure to an antigen or after immunization
  • Is long lived.

Passive Immunity

  • Preformed antibodies or T lymphocytes are transferred from a donor to a recipient.
  • Occurs naturally (breast milk) or artificially (IVIGg infusion).
  • Is temporary or short lived.
25
Q

Humoral vs. Cell-mediated Immunity

A

Humoral Immunity

  • primary cells: B cells and antibodies
  • protects against bacteria and viruses
  • causes direct inactivation or a microorganism or activation of inflammatory mediators

Cell-mediated Immunity

  • primary cells: T cells
  • protects against viruses and CA
  • T cell differentiation
  • kills targets directly, or stimulates the activity of other leukocytes

Pathophys McCance SFSU (14 decks)

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