Ch 10 Infection Flashcards
Ability to spread from one individual to others and cause disease.
Communicability
Agent that carries infectious microorganisms from an infected organism to uninfected ones.
Vector
Capacity of an organism to cause severe disease.
Virulence
Normally not causing disease, but able to do so when an individual’s immune system is suppressed.
Opportunistic
choose one: bacterium, virus, fungus, parasite
Aspergillus
Fungus
choose one: bacterium, virus, fungus, parasite
Staphylococcus
Bacterium
choose one: bacterium, virus, fungus, parasite
Plasmodium
Parasite (malaria)
choose one: bacterium, virus, fungus, parasite
Pneumocystis
Fungus (opportunistic fungus that causes PNA in immunocompromised pts.)
choose one: bacterium, virus, fungus, parasite
M. tuberculosis
Bacterium
choose one: bacterium, virus, fungus, parasite
Histoplasma
Fungus
choose one: bacterium, virus, fungus, parasite
E. coli
Bacterium
choose one: bacterium, virus, fungus, parasite
Giardia
Parasite
choose one: bacterium, virus, fungus, parasite
Salmonella
Bacterium
choose one: bacterium, virus, fungus, parasite
Clostridium
Bacterium
choose one: bacterium, virus, fungus, parasite Clostridium
Bacterium
What is a mechanical vector?
A living organism that transmits infectious microorganisms passively, without being involved in the organism’s life cycle. Ex. housefly that carries diarrhea-causing organisms and deposits them on food while you’re trying to have a nice disease-free picnic.
choose the correct words:
(Endotoxins, Exotoxins) are released during bacterial growth, but (endotoxins, exotoxins) are released when the bacteria die.
Exotoxins
endotoxins
choose the correct word:
An organism’s ability to adhere to host tissue is important in the process of (inflammation, colonization).
colonization
Some bacteria use rodlike projections called ________ to adhere to the tissues they colonize.
pili or fimbriae depending on how fancy you want to be
During the ________ stage of infectious disease, the individual has the first symptoms, which often include mild fatigue.
prodromal
Gram __________ bacteria have lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane that is known as __________.
negative
endotoxin
Bacteria that grow in complex multicellular masses called ___________ have some protection from host immune responses as well as antibiotics.
biofilms
Antibodies against exotoxins are known as _________.
antitoxins
___________ is the period from initial exposure to the onset of the first symptoms; could last from hours to ________.
Incubation
years