Normal Flora Flashcards
Microbiome
= collective genomes of microorganisms in a particular environment
Microbiota
= community of microorganism
Microbiota diversity
= measure of how many different species + how equally distributed they are
Dysbiosis
(low diversity) = microbiota imbalance (autoimmune disease, obesity, elderly people)
Butyrate function (3)
Main energy source for colonocytes
Induces apoptosis of colon cancer cells
Activates intestinal gluconeogenesis
Propionate function (1)
Transfer to liver
Regulates gluconeogenesis
Acetate fucntion (3)
Most abundant
Essentially metabolite for growth of other bacteria
Role in central appetite regulation
Used in cholesterol metabolism + lipogenesis at peripheral tissues
Prebiotics
Substrate selectively used by host microorganisms
Cause health benefits
Probiotics
Live bacteria + yeasts
When administered in adequate amounts can have health benefits
