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BB 3rd Edition > NHP parasites > Flashcards

NHP parasites Flashcards

1
Q

Giardia

A

Protozoan

Small intestine

Subclinical +/- vomiting, diarrhea

NWM, OWM, apes

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2
Q

Trichomonas

A

Protozoan

Intestine, stomach, pelvic cavity (rhesus)

Diarrhea in callitrichids

Tx: metronidazole

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3
Q

Tritrichomonas mobilensis

A

Squirrel monkeys

Lower intestine

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4
Q

Entamoeba histolytica

A

Colon, cecum

Streaming cytoplasm

Flask-shaped ulcers

PAS, Giemsa, trichrome

More severe in NWM/young

Severe diarrhea, hemorrhage, necroulcerative colitis, ambeic abscesses in lungs, liver, or CNS

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5
Q

Plasmodium brazilianum, P. simium

A

NWMs

RBCs

Tx: Chloroquine followed by Primaquine

Usually persistant low parasitemia

Can cause anemia, cyclic pyrexia, hepatosplenomegaly, depression, death

Malaria hemazoin pigment in Kupffer cells

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6
Q

P. knowlesi, P. cynomolgi, P. fieldi, P. fragile, P. inui

A

Macaques, Leaf monkeys

Usually subclinical unless immunosuppresed

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7
Q

P. pitheci, P. rodhairi, P. reichenowi, P. schwetzi

A

Great apes

Usually subclinical parasetemia

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8
Q

P. hylobati, P. youngi, P. eylesi

A

Gibbons

Fever with parasitemia, pathogenic

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9
Q

Hepatocystis spp.

A

OWM, Apes

Blood, liver

Nonpathogenic

Numerous, random, gray-white foci on liver surface (merocyst)

Eosinophilic granulomatous rxn to ruptured cysts

Indirect life cycle (midges)

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10
Q

Babesia pitheci

A

NWM, OWM

Severe anemia/death w/ splenectomy

Mild in immunocompetent monkeys

Indirect life cycle: ticks

Pyriform 2-6um

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11
Q

Entopolypoides macacai

A

OWM, Apes

Usually subclinical

Hemolytic anemia and icterus following splenectomy

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12
Q

Toxoplasma gondii

A

Prosimians, apes, OWM, NWM

LN, liver, lungs, spleen, intestine, brain, heart

Death, no clinical signs, neuro, anorexia, hepatosplenomegaly, ulcerative enteritis, lymphadenopathy

Banana-shaped tachyzooites

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13
Q

Encephalitozooan cuniculi

A

Squirrel monkeys

Brain, kidney, placenta, lungs, liver, adrenal glands

None or nonspecific, death

Gram+, PAS+

Organisms in urine

Protozoa

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14
Q

Prosthenorchis elegans, P. spirula

A

Acanthocephalans

NWM, prosimians

Ileum (spirula), cecum, colon

Anorexia, weight loss, diarrhea, death

Tx: Diathezine iodide

Indirect life cycle - cockroaches, beetles

Red-brown, thorny head

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15
Q

Sarcoptes scabiei in OWM

A

Severe pruritis

Deep skin scraping

Ivermectin

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16
Q

Sarcoptes scabiei in Apes

A

Anorexia, weight loss, tremors, alopecia, scaling, self-mutilation, bacterial dermatitis, death

Tx: Ivermectin

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17
Q

Strongyloides cebus

A

Nematode

NWM

Usually no c/s or diarrhea, dyspnea, cough

Adult females - intestine

Filariform larvae - lungs

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18
Q

S. fullerborni, S. stercoralis

A

OWM, apes

Intestin, filariform larvae in lungs

Diarrhea, hemorrhage, coughing, vomiting, enterocolitis

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19
Q

Trypanooxyuris spp.

A

NWM

Cecum, colon

Nematode

Usually subclinical

Observation of adults at anus

Tx: Thiabendazole

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20
Q

Enterobius vermicularis, E. anthropopitheci

A

OWM (vermicularis), apes (anthropopitheci), chimps

Cecum, colon

May be subclinical

Anal itching, self-mutilation, aggressiveness, ulcerative colitis

Observation of adults at anus

Oxyuriasis (pinworms)

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21
Q

Oesophagostomum spp.

A

Most common nematode in OWM, apes

Cecum, colon

Weight loss, diarrhea, subserosal nodules in colon and mesentery

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22
Q

Molineus elegans, M. torulosis

A

NWM

Pyloris, duodenum, pancreatic duct

Usually subclinical

Nemdatode

Ulcerative enteritis, serosal nodules in duodenum, chronic pancreatitis

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23
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides

A

OWM, apes

Intestine

Usually subclinical

Nematode

Deaths due to heavy infestation (intestinal blockage)

24
Q

Trichospirura leptosoma

A

NWM

Pancreatic ducts

Weight loss, wasting, pancreatitis, jaundice

Nematode

25
Q

Pterygodermatities nycticebi, P. alphi

A

Prosimians, NWM, gibbons

Intestine

Watery diarrhea, anorexia, weakness, anemia, leukopenia, hypoproteinemia, pseudomembranous necrotizing enteritis

26
Q

Trichuris spp.

A

Nematode

NWM, OWM, apes

Anorexia, mucoid diarrhea

Bipolar operculated ova

Cecum, colon

27
Q

Anatrichosoma cynomolgi

A

NWM, OWM, apes

Nasal mucosa, hands and feet (creeping eruption)

Nasal discharge, pruritis of hands and feet, vesicles/pustules, regional LN enlargement

Tx: Fenbendazole

Nematode

28
Q

Hymenolepis nana

A

Cestode

Small intestine

Abdominal pain, anorexia, vomiting, catarrhal enteritis, abscessed MLN

Proglottids in feces

Tx: Niclosamide, Bunamidine, Praziquantel

29
Q

Cysticercosis taenidae

A

Cestode, larval dz

Abdominal or thoracic cavities, muscle, SQ tissues, CNS

C/s dependant on location of migration

30
Q

Coenurosis - Multiceps spp.

A

Cestode, larval dz

SQ tissue, peritoneal cavity, brain, liver

Prosimians, OWM

Usually subclinical except CNS

31
Q

Hydatosis - Echinococcus granulosus

A

Abdominal, thoracic cavities, liver, lungs, retrobulbar, subcutaneous tissue

Usually subclinical

Anaphylactic shock/death after cyst rupture

Intradermal skin test HA (hemaglutination assay)

Cestode, larval dz

32
Q

Gastrodiscoides hominis

A

Most common fluke of OWM (trematode)

Colon, cecum

Mucoid diarrhea, mild chronic colitis

Indirect life cycle = snail

33
Q

Watsonius spp.

A

Trematode

OWM

Intestine

Diarrhea, severe enteritis, death

34
Q

Paragonimus westermanii

A

Trematode

OWM

Lung, ectopic sites (brain, liver)

Cough, wheezing, blood in sputum, moist rales, progressive weight loss

Occurs frequently in cynos (from eating crabs)

35
Q

Schistosoma mansoni, S. matheei

A

NWM, OWM

Mesenteric veins

Usuall subclinical, may be fever, hemorrhagic diarrhe

Tx: Praziquantel

Trematode

36
Q

Schistosoma haematobium

A

Portal veins

Hematuria, ascites

Apes

Trematode

37
Q

Ternidens deminutus

A

OWM, Apes

Cecum, colon

Anemia, cystic nodules

Zoonotic

Direct life cycle

Nematode

38
Q

Ancyclostoma duodenale

A

OWM, apes

Intestinal mucosa

Human hookworm (nematode)

Anemia, “pot-belly”

39
Q

Nochtia nochti

A

Nematode (bright red worm)

Asian macaques

Prepyloric region

Cauliflower-like masses at junction of fundus and prepyloric regions

40
Q

Gongylonema macrogubernaculum or pulchrum

A

Spiruid nematode

NWM, OWM

Tongue, lip, esophagus, bronchi, stomach

Indirect life cycle = cockroach, dung beetle

Pruritis/excessive salivation

41
Q

Physalopteria

A

Spiruid nematode

NWM, OWM

Stomach

Gastritis, esophagitis, erosion

Indirect lifecycle = arthropod

42
Q

Capillaria hepatica

A

NWM, OWM, apes

Trichuid nematode

Hepatic parenchyma

Cirrhotic liver, white foci on liver

43
Q

Echinococcus granulosus

A

NWM, OWM, apes

Cavities, liver, lungs, retrobulbar

Mimics neoplastic dz

Anaphylactic shock from rupture of cyts

Hydatiodosis, cestode

44
Q

Dinobdella ferox

A

Annelida (segmented worm)

OWM

Nasal cavity (nasal leech)

45
Q

Pneumonsyssus simicola

A

Lung mite (pulmonary acariasis)

OWM

Lung

Asymptomatic

“Jelly-like” masses that have a small opening (mite houses)

46
Q

Linguatula

A

Pentastome

47
Q

Porcephalus

A

Pentastome

NWM

48
Q

Armillifer

A

Pentastome

OWM

49
Q

Gigliolella

A

Pentastome

50
Q

Pentastomes

A

Linguatula, Porecephalus (NWM), Armillifier (OWM), and Gigliolella

Asymptomatic

NHP is intermediate host

Adults found in the lungs of snakes

51
Q

NHP louse

A

Pendicinus longiceps

52
Q

P. brazilianum

A

Quartan fever

53
Q

P. simium

A

Spider, howler monkeys

Tertian fever

54
Q

P. knowlesi

A

Cynos, pig-tailed, rhesus (fatal)

Quotidian fever

55
Q

P. cynomolgi

A

Cynos, pig-tailed, rhesus, Formosan rock macaque (M. cylopis)

Tertian fever

56
Q

Strongyloides cebus

A

NWM

Diarrhea, dyspnea, cough

Adult female - intestine

Filariform larvae (lungs)

Nematode

57
Q

Differentiating Schistosomiasis eggs

A

S. mansoni - lateral spine

S. hematobium - terminal spine

S. japonicum - no spine

BB 3rd Edition (19 decks)

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