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BB 3rd Edition > Bacteria > Flashcards

Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

L. intracellularis

A

Obligate intracellular, proliferative enteritis

Not encountered in research colonies

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2
Q

Mycoplasmosis

A

M. pulmonis, M. arthritidis, M. neurolyticum, M. collis, and M. muris

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3
Q

M. pulmonis

A

Gram negative

Murine respiratory mycoplasmosis

Suppurative rhinitis, otitis media, chronic pneumonia - CHATTERING, head tilt

Can be transmitted aerosol, venerally, transplacental (rats)

Rats are only significant resevoir for mice

Serology may not detect difference between M. pulmonis/M. arthritidis

Athymic mice not more susceptible (T-cell response exacerbates)

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4
Q

M. pulmonis - pathology

A

Colonizes apical surface of respiratory epithelium

Extracellular

B6 resistant, BALB/c, C3H, SJL, CBA, AKR, SWR, DBA/2 varying degrees of increased susceptibility

Inital lesions is suppurative rhinitis ->squamous metaplasia, syncytia sometimes

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5
Q
A

M. pulmonis rhinitis

Turbinate mucosa contains accumulations of plasma cells and lymphocytes, epithelial is decreased in thickeness and has lost most cilia, lumen contains neutrophilic exudate

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6
Q
A

M. pulmonis

Bronchiolitis and bronchiolectasis

Bronchioles are dilated, contain neutrophilic exudate and are surrounded by accumulations of plasma cells and lymphocytes. Mucosa is infiltrated with inflammatory cells

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9
Q

M. arthritidis

A

Antigentically related to M. pulmonis, nonpathogenic during natural infection

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10
Q

M. neurolyticum

A

Rolling disease

usually die within 4 hours

Experimental innculation with exotoxin

Astrocytic swelling

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11
Q
A

CAR bacillus induced bronchiolitis and pneumonia in mouse. Bronchiole is surrounded by lymphocytes, the lumen contains neutrophilic exudate, and the epithelium is hyperplastic. Adjacent alveoli contain neutrophils and macrophages

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12
Q
A

CAR bacillus induced rhinitis in a mouse

Epithelium is infiltrated by neutrophils and lymphocytes and the underlying tissue is hyperplastic. Basophilic CAR bacilli are visible among the cillia at the left

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13
Q

Hemotropic mycoplasmas

A

Mycoplasma hemomuris and Mycoplasma coccoides

Tropic for RBCs, anemia, hemolytic disease

Splenomegaly

Either acute febrile anemia or latent/subclinical infection that can be reactived by splenectomy/irradiation

Vector: Polyplax serrata (mouse louse)

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14
Q
A

Tranmissible Murine Colonic Hyperplasia

Descending colon is thickened and opaque

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15
Q

CAR Bacillus

A

Gram negative, non-spore forming

Produces clinical disease in rats

Transmitted through direct contact

Peribronchiole cuffing with lymphocytes and plasma cells

Warthin-Starry

tx: sulfamerazine

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16
Q
A

Colonic inflammation, edema, mild hyperplasia of the epithelium, and significant development of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) caused by C. rodentium

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19
Q
A

Multiple abscesses in a nude mouse caused by P. pneumotropica

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20
Q

Transmissible Murine Colonic Hyperplasia

A

C. rodentium, gram negative

Self-limiting to severe colitis

Retarded growth, ruffled fur, soft feces or diarrhea, rectal prolapse, and moderate mortality in older suckling or recently weaned

Contaminated mice, food, bedding

Model EPEC/EHEC

DBA, NIH/Swiss, C57BL resistent, C3H susceptible

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21
Q
A

Electron micrograph of H. hepaticus in hepatic bile canaliculi

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23
Q
A

H. bilis induce non suppurative hepatitis and hepatic necrosis. Inflammation originates in portal triads

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24
Q

TMCH - pathology

A

Attaches to mucosa of descending colon and displaces normal flora

Attaching and effacement lesions

Lasts 2-3 weeks in surviving animals

Can be cultured on MacConkey’s during early stages only

26
Q

Psuedomoniasis

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, gram negative rod

Immunodeficient animals can be prone to septicemia

Equilibrium disturbances, conjunctivitis, serosanguinous nasal discharge, edema of the head, weight loss, skin infections, torticollis

Acidification/hyperchlorination of water
Antibiotic and quat resistant

27
Q

P. pneumotropica

A

Gram negative

Usually subclinical, opportunistic pathogen

Suppurative lesions - preputial and orbital abscesses

Does not transmit from infected mice to contact/bedding sentinels

Tx: enrofloxacin

29
Q

Helicobacter hepaticus

A

Chronic active hepatitis, hepatic tumors, IBD

Colonizes crypts of lower bowels

31
Q

Helicobacters - mice

A

hepaticus, bilis (rats also), rodentium, ganmani, mastromyrinus, magdeburgensis, typhlonius

33
Q

H. bilis

A

Isolated from livers and intestines of aged mice and experimentally induces IBD in SCID

34
Q

H. muridarum

A

Colonizes ileum, cecum, and colon

Nonpathogenic

35
Q

Helicobacter treatment

A

Amoxicillin, metro, and bismuth - H. hepaticus

36
Q

Salmonellosis

A

S. enterica subsp. enteria serovar Typhimurium and serovar Enteritidis

Antimicrobial resistance genes, type III secretion systems, Vi antigen, LPS

PAMPs interact with TLRs/NOD-like receptors leading to inflammasome formation and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines

Acute infection severe in young mice - anorexia, weight loss, dull hair coat, lethargy, humped posture, conjunctivitis

Ingestion of contaminated products, subclinical carriers/shedders

ZOONOTIC

37
Q

S. enteritidis

A

Reach Peyer’s patches w/i 12h after innoculation -> mesenteric lymph nodes

Persists in spleen, liver, lymphnodes, gall bladder

Chronic arthritis

Visceral hyperemia, pale livers, catarrhal enteritis, acute death

Spleen/liver - yellow/pale foci of necrosis

Granulomatous lesions - characteristic of chronic salmonellosis

38
Q

Culture for salmonella

A

Selenite F broth plys cystine followed by streaking on brillant green agar

Feces, mesenteric lymph node

39
Q

Streptobacillosis

A

Streptobacillus moniliformis, gram negative

Can exist as a nonpathogenic L-phase varient in vivo or can revert to virulent bacillus form

Acute phase - high mortality, subacute phase, chronic phase

Dull, damp hair coat and keratoconjunctivitis

Anemia, diarrhea, hemoglobinuria, cyanosis, emaciation, hindlimb paralysis, cutaneous ulceration, athritis, gangrenous amputation, urinary bladder distension, stillbirths, abortions

ZOONOTIC - Haverhill (rat bite) fever

40
Q

S. moniliformis

A

Necrotic lesions in thoracic and abdominal viscera, septic thrombi, fibrin

Chronic - purulent polyarthritis

41
Q
A

C. piliforme in liver

42
Q

C. kutscheri

A

Pseudotuberculosis in mice and rats, often subclinical, inappetence, emaciation, rough hair coat, hunched posture, hyperpnea, nasal and ocular discharge, cutnaeous ulceration, arthritis

Gray-white nodules on liver, kidney, lung, cervical lymphadenopathy and arthritis

Coagulative/caseous necrosis with intense neutrophilic infiltration

“Chinese letters”

43
Q

Staphylococcosis

A

Most common - S. aureus (highly pathogenic) and S. epidermidis (nonpathogenic)

Pathogenic Strep generally coagulase positive (except S. xylosus)

Suppurative conjunctivitis, orbital abscesses, preputial adenitis, pyoderma

B6, C3H, DBA, BALB/c mice most susceptible

44
Q

Streptococcosis

A

Pathogenic streptococcal infeciton are caused by Beta-hemolytic in Lancefield’s group C

Group D - Enterococcus

Cutaneous infection, conjunctivitis, rough hair coat, hyperpnea, somnolescence, and emacitation

45
Q

Colibacillosis

A

Hyperplastic typhlocolitis has been reported in SCID mice

Lethargy, fecal staining

46
Q

Klebsiella pneumoniae

A

Gram-negative

Opportunistic pathogen

AAHC in humans, model with Clavamox

Utero-ovarian infections in aged B6C3F1

Tilivalline - cytotoxin

47
Q

C. difficile

A

Antimicrobial-associated pseudomembranous colitis

Also in GPs, rabbits, Syrian hamsters, prarie dogs, ostriches, and horses

Cycloserine-cefoxitin-fructose agar for culture

Nonhemolytic, gray, umbonate profile with filamentous edges and ground glass appearance

Toxins A and B

Rapidly germinate and established infeciton

48
Q

C. perfringens

A

Double zone of hemolysis, gray, smooth, round

Five types based on four major toxins - major is enterotoxin

Ingestion of spores

Type A - part of normal microbiota

Type D - report of mortality in 2-3 week old mice

Tx: chlortetracycline Hcl, Penicillin G

49
Q

C. piliforme

A

Tyzzer’s, first described in Japanese Waltzing mice

Gram negative

Unexpected deaths, diarrhea, inactivity, high mortality

Stress

B6 more resistant, DBA/2 more susceptible (B cell function)

Cross-infection - mice, rats, hamsters

Spore can retain infectivity at room temp for at least 1 year

50
Q

C. piliforme - pathology

A

Begins in GI -> liver, heart

Necrosis (above and MLNs)

Ileum, cecu, colon, may be red and dilated, watery, fetid contents

Liver, MLN, heart - gray-white foci

Necrosis of mucosal epithelium, liver - coag necrosis along portal vein

Silver stains, Giemsa, or PAS are required for visualization

52
Q

Mycobacteriosis

A

M. avium-intracellulare and M. lepraemurium

Chronic granulomatous disease, Langhans giant cells, acid-fast bacteria

M. lepraemurium may cause alopecia, thickening of skin, SQ swellings, ulceration

Hallmark is perivascular granulomatosis with accumulation of large, foamy epitheloid macrophages (lepra cells) packed with acid-fast bacilli

53
Q

Proteus mirabilis

A

Ubiquitous gram-neg, can remain latent in the resp and intestinal tracts of mice

Commonly found in lab mice

Ass. with ulcerative lesions in Gi of immunodeficient mice (lose weight, diarrhea, die, septicemia)

Pyelonephritis - abscessation and scarring

Splenomegaly and focal necrotizing hepatitis - immunodeficient

54
Q

Leptospirosis

A

One of the most common zoonoses transmissible from rodents, but very rate in lab mice

L. interrogans serovar ballum (zoonotic)

Gram negative, establish infection in renal tubules

Subclinical

55
Q

Chlamydia infection

A

C. trachomatis (intracellular) - produces glycogen-positive intracytoplasmic inclusions (elementary bodies)

Ocular and urogenital disease in humans

C. psitaci

56
Q

Chlamydia muridarum

A

“Nigg agent” - C. muridarum - experimental model of human chlamydia

Also known as “mouse pneumonitis agent”

Severe, acute infection, ruffled fur, hunched posture, labored respiration due to interstitial pneumonitis and death

Cyanosis of ears and tail

Dx: impression smears stained with Giemsa/Macchiavello stains

BB 3rd Edition (19 decks)

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