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BB 3rd Edition > NHP other viruses > Flashcards

NHP other viruses Flashcards

1
Q

Adenoviruses

A 
Apes, OWM, NWM
Clinical disease respiratory or enteric
Necrotizing pancreatitis or hepatitis in immunocompromised macaques
Low mortality
INIB at villous tips
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2
Q

Simian virus 40/Polyoma virus

A

Common latent viral infection of Asian macaques
Isolated from rhesus kidney cells for polio vaccine
Oncogenic in hamsters
Clinical dz rare except in SIV, etc.
Dymyelination, chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis, proliferative interstitial pneumonia
INIB
Resembles progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in humans

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3
Q

Papillomavirus

A

Macaque and chimps
Dermal or oral lesions
Chimps: focal epithelial hyperplasia - multiple proliferative structures in oral mucosa
Macaques, baboons: cervical dysplasia, carcinomas

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4
Q

RPV

A

Rhesus parvovirus

INIB in erythroid precursors in bone marrow

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5
Q

Parvoviruses

A

Severe, normochromic, normocytic anemia

Cynos, rhesus, pig-tailed macaques (M. nemistrina)

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6
Q

Monkeypox hosts

A

AGMs, Macaques, apes, NWMs (captive)

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7
Q

Monkeypox in AGMs

A

High prevelance of antibodies, no clinical disease

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8
Q

Monkeypox in Apes

A

Viremia 3-4 days pi, fever, anxiety, aggression

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9
Q

Monkeypox in captive NWMs

A

Papules to vesicular rash with umbilication to classic pock lesion on buttocks, hands, and feet
Dissemination to lung, spleen, mms (hemorrhagic necrosis)
Not always fatal
ICIB

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10
Q

Monkeypox in humans

A

Fatigue, fever, headache, back pain, lymphandenopathy
Vesiculopapular rash all over body
Vaccination against smallpox provides immunity

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11
Q

Yaba virus

A

Poxvirus
Macaques, baboons
SQ masses of varying sizes on face, hands, feet
Oral masses in baboons
Nonencapsulated masses of large pleomorphic histiocytes +/- large ICIBs

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12
Q

Yaba virus in humans

A

Pseudotumors <2cm on hands and feet
Lymphadenopathy, fever
Regression
Poxvirus

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13
Q

Tanapox in humans

A

Poxvirus
Benign cutaneous skin infection
1-2 small papules on face, extremities, or trunk
Fever, headache, backpain

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14
Q

Tanapox in macaques

A

Poxvirus
Small red papules progressing to 1cm raised foci which become umbilicated
Resolve in 3-8 weeks
Epidermal proliferation and ballooning degeneration
INIB and ICIB

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15
Q

Marmoset poxvirus

A

Callithrix jacchus
Papulovesicular dz lasting 4-6 weeks
Not fatal

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16
Q

Molluscum contagiosum in humans

A

Mildly contagious chronic skin dz
Multiple small skin tumors filled with waxy material
Large central acanthocytes have ICIBs

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17
Q

Molluscum contagiosum in chimps

A

Small firm lesions with waxlike contents on face and inguinal area
Large ICIBs

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18
Q

Cowpox in C. jacchus

A

Disseminated fatal infection

ICIB, INIB

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19
Q

Adenovirus hosts

A

Apes, OWM, NWM

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20
Q

Simian Hemorrhagic Fever Virus

A

Arterivirus
Highly contagious and fatal
Asian macaques - bleeding diathesis

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21
Q

SHFV reservoir species

A

Patas, AGMs, baboons

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22
Q

SHFV distinguishing path feature

A

Hemorrhagic necrosis of proximal duodenum in macaques

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23
Q

Yellow fever in African monkeys

A

Vector = mosquito

Subclinical, short-lived viremia

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24
Q

Yellow fever in NWMs

A

Flavivirus
Severe, epizootic, fatal
Icterus, hepatic necrosis, hepatic fatty degeneration, Councilman and Torres bodies

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25
Q

Yellow fever in humans

A

High fever, chills, headache, backache, myalgia prostration, nausea, vomiting, epistaxis, hematemesis, jaundice
Death in 3-7 days pi

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26
Q

Kyasanur Forest dz vector

A

Ixodid tick

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27
Q

Kyasanur Forest dz - langurs

A

Pancytopenia, fever, bradycardia

28
Q

Kyasanur Forest dz - Bonnet macaque

A

M. radiata

Epistaxis, GI hemorrhage, hepatocellular necrosis, hemorrhage, nonsupperative encephalitis

29
Q

Kyasanur Forest dz - humans

A

Fever, chills, back pain, leg pain, headache, insomnia, anorexia, confusion, tremors
Epistaxis, GI bleed, fatalities

30
Q

Dengue

A

Flavivirus

Vector = mosquito

31
Q

Dengue in macaques

A

No clinical dz

32
Q

Dengue - Langurs

A

High incidence of antibody titers

33
Q

Dengue - humans

A

Flavivirus
Fever, headage, myalgia, rash, nausea, vomiting, hemorrhage, DIC, thrombocytopenia, shock
Fulminant hepititis with encephalopathy

34
Q

Marburg in humans

A

Filovirus
Acquired from AGMs
Fever, headache, tremors, joint aches, diarrhea, vomiting, epistaxis

35
Q

Ebola Zaire Sudan in humans

A

Filovirus
Unknown host
Headache, fever, vomiting, myalgia, nausea, maculopapular rash, diarrhea, epistaxis, etc.
86% mortality

36
Q

Cote d’Ivoire in humans

A

Filovirus

Dengue-like illness following chimp necropsy

37
Q

Ebola Reston in cynos

A

Filovirus
Anorexia, lethargy, hypothermia, nasal discharge, splenomegaly, facial petechia, severe SQ hemorrhages, depression, coma, death
Can be zoonotic (no known human dz)

38
Q

Ebola Reson reservoir host

A

Rousettus amplexicaudatus (Old world Fruit bat)

39
Q

Ebola Reston characteristic lesions

A

Multifocal hepatocellular necrosis, multifocal necrosis within the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland, and mild interstitial pneumonia
Distinguishes Reston from SHFV

40
Q

Measles

A

Paramyxovirus
Morbillivirus genus
Infection can be subclinical or severe in macaques
Induces immunosuppression

41
Q

Measles vaccination

A

Vaccination with MLV successful = very important in marmosets!
Interferes (immunosuppresive) with TB test leading to false negative - need 4-6 weeks to return to normal

42
Q

Measles clinical signs in NWM

A

Skin, respiratory, GI, neurologic, abortion
Koplic spot (tongue)
Marmoset - GI dz with no rash, high mortality
ICIB and INIB

43
Q

Canine distemper virus

A

Paramyxovirus, Morbillivirus genus
Rhesus, Japanese macaque (M. fuscata), cynos
Respiratory, anorexia, pyrexia, thickening of foot pads, maculopapular rash, encephalitis

44
Q

Paramyxovirus sanguinus

A 
Paramyxovirus, genus Morbillivirus
Callitrichids
Anorexia, dehydration, diarrhea
Necrotizing typhlocolitis
Syncytia in crypts, pancreas, liver, kidney, and bile duct ICIB
45
Q

Parainfluenza virus Type 1

A

Sendai, Paramyxovirus, Paramyxovirus genus
Marmosets
Sneezing, tachypnea, dyspnea, ocular/nasal discharge, depression, anorexia
Low mortality, high morbidity

46
Q

Parainfluenza virus Type 3

A

Simian agent 10, Paramyxovirus genus
Patas, gibbons, chimps
URI, predispose to Streptococcal infection

47
Q

Respiratory Syncytial virus

A

Paramyxovirus, Pneumovirus genus
Chimps
URI

48
Q

STLV

A

Simian T-cell lymphotropic virus
Retrovirus
Associated with lymphoproliferative dz in OWM, macaques, and humans
Model for acute T-cell lymphoma (Baboons)
Anorexia, depression, LN enlargement, hepatosplenomegaly
Overt leukemia ~50% of cases

49
Q

Simian type D retroviruses

A

SRVs

Simian betaretroviruses

50
Q

Primary cause of immunodeficiency in captive macaques

A

SRV 1, 2, 4, and 5

51
Q

Clinical syndromes of SRVs

A

1) persistant carrier, no clinical signs 2) Severe immunodeficiency and viremia 3) Clearance of infection 4) Retroperitoneal or subcutaneous firbromatosis nodules 5) Persistent lymphadenopathy

52
Q

SRV-2

A

Simian betaretrovirus
Associated with retroperitoneal fibromatosis
Multinodular to coalescing mass originating from ileo-cecal junction
Highly vascular with intersecting fascicles of spindle-shaped cells that infiltrate along serosal surfaces

53
Q

SRV-1

A

Simian betaretrovirus
Assocaited with SQ fibromatosis
Multiple nodules in SQ and oral cavity
Highly vascular with intersecting fascicles of spindle-shaped cells that infiltrate along serosal surfaces

54
Q

SRV clinical signs

A

Progressive weight loss with diarrhea

Anemia, thrombocytopenia, neuropenia, lymphopenia, pancytopenia

55
Q

SRV diagnosis

A

Serology is inadequate

Immunohistochemistry may be used to demonstrate RFHV latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA)

56
Q

SIV in African primate species

A

Subclinical

57
Q

SIV in Asian primate species

A

AIDS-like

58
Q

SIV

A

Lentivirus
Closely related to HIV-1 and 2
Transmission to aberrant host = progressive loss of CD4 T cells and death w/i 18 months
Seronegative, viral positive animals are rare
Do not mix Asian and African species!

59
Q

SIV opportunisitic infections

A

M. avium, CMV, adenovirus, SV40, Pneumocystis, Cryptococcus neoformans, noma, candida

60
Q

SIV coinfection with RhLCV

A

Malignant B-cell lymphoma

61
Q

Rabies

A

Tamarins, marmosets, squirrel monkeys, chimps, macaques

Irritability, self-mutilation, paralysis of pharyngeal and pelvis muscles

62
Q

Rabies vaccination

A

Used of killed vaccine recommended

Used of attenuated virus associated with outbreak in NWM

63
Q

LCMV

A

Viral hepatitis in Callitrichids
From feeding wild rodents
Hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, SQ/IM hemorrhages, pleural/pericardial effusion
Necrosis of liver, LN, adrenal glands, GI tract
Elevated liver enzymes, bilirubin, and ALKP
Zoonotic

64
Q

Hepatitis A

A

Chimps, cynos, AGMs, owl monkeys
Fecal-oral transmission
Elevated ALT and AST 2-10x normal, elevated bilirubin
Usually self-limiting
Focal hepatocellular necrosis with nonsuppurative inflammatory infiltrates in portal area
Zoonotic

65
Q

Encephalomyocarditis virus

A 
Picornavirus
Fatal infection in owl and squirrel monkeys, baboons, rhesus, chimps
Wild rats are reservoir
Death with no c/s
NONSUPPURATIVE NECROTIZING MYOCARDITIS
66
Q

Poliovirus

A

Great apes, rhesus
No c/s or paresis/parapegia and death
Lesions in grey matter of CNS
Vacciation of apes recommended with trivalent oral polio vax

BB 3rd Edition (19 decks)

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