Immunology

Question 1

CD4+ T cell

Answer 1

T helper cells, recognize peptides presented in MHC Class II and promote B-lymphocyte activation, activate and regulate cellular immune response via cytokines

Question 2

CD8+ T cell

Answer 2

Recognize antigenic peptides presented in MHC class I and serve as cytotoxic cells during cell-mediated response

Question 3

IgM

Answer 3

Secreted short term after intial exposure

Question 4

IgG2a/c

Answer 4

Viral and intracellular bacterial infections

Question 5

IgG1

Answer 5

Extracellular bacterial infections

Question 6

IgG2b, IgG3

Answer 6

Induced to carbohydrate or lipid antigens

Question 7

IgA

Answer 7

Highest produced in mice, occurs in plasma cells in lamina propria of mucosal tissues

Question 8

Nude mouse

Answer 8

Defective transcription factor gene controlling thymic epithelial cell differentiation

No T-CELL functions

FOXN1 mutation, chr 11

Athymic and hairless

Question 9

SCID Mouse

Answer 9

Defective DNA-dependent kinase for T and B receptors,

No Ig or T cell responses, hypoplastic lymphoid tissues, sensitive to ionizing radiation b/c of defective DNA break repair

Prkdc(scid), chr 16

Uses: V (D)J recombination, tumor/xenograft transplant, lymphocyte subset transfer studies, reconsitution of human hematopoietic system

Question 10

Rag-1 and Rag-2

Answer 10

Defective recombinase enzymes preventing functional B and T cell receptors,

Hypoplastic lymphoid tissues, no Ig or T cell responses

Chr 2

Uses: tumor/xenograft, V(D)J, lymphocyte transfer

Question 11

XID mouse

Answer 11

Defect in Bruton’s tryosine kinase affecting signal transduction in B cells,

Decreased B cell, low IgM, impared response to polysaccharide antigens

Uses: X-linked agammaglobulinema

Btk mutation, X chr

Question 12

Moth-eaten mouse

Answer 12

Defective phosphatase, imparing signal transduction from cell receptors

Deficient humoral and cellular immunity, lack cytotoxic T and NK cells, moth-eaten pelage (folliculitis), hypergammaglobulinemia, autoimmune syndromes

Ptpn^6 mutation, chromosome 6

Uses: Apoptosis studies, autoimmune

Question 13

Beige mouse

Answer 13

Mutation on chr 13 affects pigment granules (coat, retina) and lysosomal granules of type II pneumocytes, mast cells, NK cells

Model for Chediak-Higashi

Lyst^bg, chr = 13

Diluted coat color, lysosomal storage disease, impaired chemotaxis, bactericidal activity of neutrophils, decreased NK activity

Question 14

1pr and gld mice

Answer 14

Impaired apoptosis from Fas (1pr) or Fas ligand (gld) defect

Generalized lymphoproliferative disease (gld), autoimmunity, immunodeficiency

Question 15

NOD/SCID/IL-2Ry-/-

Answer 15

Multiple immunodeficiencies derived from NOD and SCID mice with loss of IL-2 receptor gamma chain

No T, B, or NK cell activity, decreased complement, impair macrophage and dendritic cell functions

Uses: efficient engraftment of human lymphoid cells

IL-2Ry-/- = X chromosome

Prkdcscid = 16

Question 16

Cytokine KO mice

Answer 16

Genetically engineered disruption (KO)

IL-2 - anemia

IL-2, 10 - wasting and inflammatory bowel disease when housed conventionally

Question 17

Receptor KO mice

Answer 17

Lack functional response to signal of interest, variable immune compromise

IBD common in TcR KO

Question 18

Male accessory sex glands

Answer 18

Seminal vesicles, coagulating glands, ampullary, preputial, prepuital gland, and prostate