New Words 4 Flashcards
put something ↔ forward
phrasal verb
to suggest a plan, proposal, idea etc for other people to consider or discussSYNpropose
➡ They put forward a number of suggestions.
➡ put forward a very persuasive argument
(A set of reasons?
extremely weak
fee‧ble
/ˈfiːbl/adjective
1)
➡His voice sounded feeble and far away.
➡She was too feeble to leave her room.
2)not very good or effectiveSYNweak
➡a feeble excuse
a rather feeble committee
not showing clear thinking
woolly
(BrE)wooly(AmE)/ˈwʊli/adjective
1)made of or feeling like wool
➡a woolly hat
2)not showing clear thinkingSYNvague
➡He gave a rather woolly argument.—woollinessnoun[U]
euthanasia
/ˌjuːθəˈneɪziə$-ˈneɪʒə/noun[U]
the deliberate killing of a person who is very ill and going to die, in order to stop them suffering
➡ Although somepeoplecampaignfor therightto euthanasia, it is stillillegalin mostcountries.
SYN mercy killing
➖➖➖➖➖➖
eu‧tha‧nize
/ˈjuːθənaɪz/alsoeu‧tha‧nase/-neɪz/
(BrE)verb
to kill an animal in a painless way, usually because it is very sick or old
🔺SYNput down
➡ The decision to euthanase a pet is heartbreaking.
happening twice each year
bi‧an‧nu‧al /baɪˈænjuəl/adjective ➡a biannual report دوبار در سال ➖➖➖➖➖
bi‧en‧ni‧al
/baɪˈeniəl/adjective
1)a biennial event happens once every two years→annual
دوسالانه
2)a biennial plant stays alive for two years
re‧im‧burse
/ˌriːmˈbɜːs$-ɜːrs/verb[T]
(formal)
to pay money back to someone when their money has been spent or lostreimburse somebody for something
➡ The company will reimburse you for travel expenses.
completely dark
ˌpitch-ˈdark
adjective
➡Outside it was pitch-dark and pouring with rain.
➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖
pitch
S3W3/pɪtʆ/noun
a black sticky substance that is used on roofs, the bottoms of ships etc to stop water coming through
➡ The night wasas black as pitch(=very dark)
sub‧stan‧tial
S3W2/səbˈstænʆl/adjective
large in amount or number
🔺SYNconsiderable
✔OPPinsubstantial
➡We have the support of a substantial number of parents.
➡a substantial salary
➡a substantial breakfast
➡The document requires substantial changes.
get in the way
To obstruct or interfere with something.
➡ You can come into the kitchen to observe, but please try not to get in the way.
➡Ugh, the neighbor’s trash cans always get in the way of my parking spot.
➡ She’s so determined that I just know nothing will get in the way of her plans to finish her thesis.
body dysmorphic disorder / ˌbɒdi dɪsˈmɔːfɪk dɪsˌɔːdə $ ˌbɑːdi dɪsˈmɔːrfɪk dɪsˌɔːrdər /
( also body dys‧mor‧phi‧a / -ˈmɔːfiə $ -ˈmɔːr- / )
( abbreviation BDD ) a mental condition in which someone wrongly believes that part of their body is very ugly or not normal
body odour
the natural smell of someone’s body, especially when this is unpleasant
SYN BO
…. the horizon
/ həˈraɪz ə n /
➡ We could see a ship on the horizon.
► Do not say ‘in the horizon’. Say on the horizon .
—————-
2 horizons [ plural ] the limit of your ideas, knowledge, and experience
+ broaden/expand sb’s horizons
➡ a course of study that will broaden your horizons
….. of meaning/opinion/feeling etc a meaning etc that is
shade
slightly different from other ones
SYN nuance :
»> There is room in the Democratic Party for many shades of opinion.
»> subtle shades of meaning
————–
nuance / ˈnjuːɑːns $ ˈnuː- / noun [ countable ]
a very slight, hardly noticeable difference in manner, colour, meaning etc
بسيار ظريف
»> He was aware of every nuance in her voice.
nuance of
»> the painting’s delicate nuances of color, tone, and texture
»> “subtle nuances” of meaning
a word or expression that is pejorative is used to show disapproval or to insult someone :
— pejoratively adverb
pe‧jo‧ra‧tive / pɪdʒɒrətɪv $ -dʒɔ-, -dʒɑ- / adjective (formal)
> > > For hard-line Republicans, the word ‘liberal’ had become a pejorative term.
The word “pig-headed” is pejorative.
proactive / prəʊæktɪv $ proʊ- / adjective
making things happen or change rather than reacting to events :
> > > ## a proactive approach to staffing requirementsAs a proactive enforcer a field man must always be prepared for the unexpected.
Create a proactive cultural awareness of risk issues at corporate and at the individual level.
ad‧dress‧ee / ædresi, ədresi / noun [ countable ]
the person a letter, package etc is addressed to
for‧get‧ful / fəɡetf ə l $ fər- / adjective
often forgetting things
— forgetfully adverb
— forgetfulness noun [ uncountable ]
———-
My grandfather’s getting so forgetful - I have to remind him to take his medication.
My grandfather is getting more forgetful.
She was easily distracted and forgetful at school.
com‧mer‧cial‧ize ( also commercialise British English ) / kəmɜʃəlaɪz $ -ɜr- / verb [ transitive ]
1 [ usually passive ] to be more concerned with making money from something than about its quality –
(used to show disapproval )
»> Christmas has become so commercialized.
2 to sell something completely new to the public for the first time :
»> Some space launches will be commercialized to help pay for more space research.
— commercialization / kəmɜʃəlaɪzeɪʃ ə n $ -mɜrʃələ- / noun [ uncountable ]
——
»> Christmas is getting so commercialized.
»> Some space launches will be commercialized in order to help pay for more space research.
( prefix )
false or not real :
pseudo- / sjudəʊ $ sudoʊ /
> > > pseudo-intellectuals (= people who pretend to be clever )
She dismisses astrology as pseudo-science.
pseu‧do‧nym / sjud ə nɪm $ su- / noun [ countable ]
an invented name that a writer, artist etc uses instead of their real name
SYN nom de plume
+ under a pseudonym
»> He wrote under the pseudonym ‘Silchester’.
— pseudonymous / sjudɒnəməs, sjudɒnɪməs $ sudɑ- / adjective :
He was the pseudonymous author.
— pseudonymously adverb
absent-minded
adjective
likely to forget things, especially because you are thinking about something else
SYN forgetful :
> > > Grandad’s been getting rather absent-minded lately.
— absent-mindedly adverb
— absent-mindedness noun [ uncountable ]
> > > He’s a brilliant scientist but hopelessly absent-minded.
Ron’s being his normal absent-minded self.
hard up
adjective
1 if you are hard up, you do not have much money :
»> I’m a bit hard up at the moment.
محتاج
———————–
2 not having something that you want or need :
»> ‘How about a date with Tom?’ ‘No, thanks, I’m not that hard up.’
اونقدرها هم گير و محتاج براي آشنايي نيستم.
يعني تام آدم خيلي داغووونيه :)
+ hard up for
»> The media are obviously hard up for stories.
of the very best quality
first-rate adjective
SYN excellent
> > > He’s a first-rate surgeon.
be on ice
If a plan is on ice, a decision has been made to delay it for a period of time:
> > > ## Both projects are on ice until the question of funding is resolved.
+ keep/put something on ice
to delay doing anything about a plan or idea
> > > The whole deal was put on ice when the stock market fell sharply.
all-out adjective [ only before noun ]
done in a very determined way, and involving a lot of energy or anger
+ all-out war/attack/offensive etc
»> an all-out effort to win
— all out (adverb)
»> Canada will have to “go all out” on the ice if they want to win.
long-distance
(adjective) [ only before noun ]
1 travelling over a long distance
توجه : long-distant نداريم.
long-distance runner
long-distance lorry driver
long-distance travel/journey/flight/commuting etc
2 long-distance call
a telephone call to a place that is far away
OPP local
— long-distance adverb
having a lot of money, or enough money to have a good standard of living
well-off
(adjective)
( comparative better-off , superlative best-off )
1 OPP badly-off :
> > > children from well-off families
Many pensioners are less well-off (= have less money ) than they used to be.
—————-
2 be well-off for something having plenty of something, or as much of it as you need :
We’re well-off for public transport here.
light-hearted
/ ˌlaɪt ˈhɑːtəd $ -ɑːr- / adjective
1 not intended to be serious :
»> a light-hearted comedy
2 cheerful and not worried about anything :
»> I found her in a light-hearted mood.
»> heart-lighted laugh
—————–
»> The programme is a light-hearted look at recent political events.
quick-witted
adjective
able to think and understand things quickly
OPP slow-witted :
> > > Toby was quick-witted and entertaining.
a quick-witted reply
بن كتاب
book token noun [ countable ]
( British English )
a card that you can exchange for books :
»> She gave me a book token for Christmas.
cat burglar noun [ countable ]
burglar alarm noun [ countable ]
a piece of equipment that makes a loud noise when someone tries to get into a building illegally
arms race
noun [ countable usually singular ]
the competition between different countries to have a larger number of powerful weapons :
»> the nuclear arms race
—————-
»> They can emphasise the danger of a new arms race.‧»_space;> They say that it could erode existing arms control agreements and lead to a new arms race.
race relations noun [ plural ]
the relationship that exists between people from different countries, religions etc who are now living in the same place :
> > > We need to do more to promote good race relations.
Community leaders are working to improve race relations in the city.
mail order noun [ uncountable ]
a method of buying and selling in which the buyer chooses goods at home and orders them from a company which sends them by post
+ by mail order
»> It is available by mail order from Green Life Products.
»> a mail order catalogue
youth hostel noun [ countable ]
—————
hay fever noun [ uncountable ]
a medical condition, like a bad cold that is caused by breathing in pollen (= dust from plants )
———–
grass roots
noun
+ the grass roots
the ordinary people in an organization, rather than the leaders
— grass roots adjective :
»> We are hoping for full participation at grass roots level.
> > > But even the grass roots of the club are sprouting.‧»_space;> Fourth, don’t always do a news release on all the grass roots activities.
a movement of highly skilled or professional people from their own country to a country where they can earn more money
the brain drain
فرار مغزها
> > > He could not argue, looking at Imperial, that there has been a major brain drain of senior staff.
brainless / breɪnləs /
adjective
completely stupid
»> what a brainless thing to do!
— brainlessly adverb
sound barrier noun
the sound barrier
the sudden increase in air pressure against a vehicle, especially an aircraft, when it is travelling near the speed of sound
+ break the sound barrier (= travel faster than the speed of sound )
