Barron's TOEFL - Lesson 30 Flashcards
endear
/ɪnˈdɪə$ɪnˈdɪr/verb
⛧endear somebody to somebody
phrasal verb
to make someone popular and liked
⛧endear yourself to somebody
➡The emperor saw an opportunity to endear himself to the Athenians.
➡ His brusque manner did not exactly endear him to his colleagues.
———————-
+ endear someone to someone
to cause someone to be liked by another person:
»> His fiery temper did not endear him to his coworkers.
»> She is unlikely to endear herself to her colleagues with such an aggressive approach.
————
endearing
= pleasant
adjective uk /ɪnˈdɪə.rɪŋ/ us /ɪnˈdɪr.ɪŋ/
making someone like you:
»> She laughs at herself a lot, which is always endearing.
»> His shyness can be very endearing.
astute
/əˈstjuːt$əˈstuːt/adjective able to understand situations or behaviour very well and very quickly, especially so that you can get an advantage for yourself 🔺 SYNclever ➡an astute politician ➡astute investments
a clever idea
His cleverness enables him to …
convincing
AC/kənˈvɪnsɪŋ/adjective
1)making you believe that something is true or right
➡convincing evidence of his guilt
⛧ wholly/utterly/totally etc convincing
➡Courtenay played the role in an utterly convincing way.
➡ a ~ argument for the recycling of paper
persevere
Trying and making an effort
/ˌpɜːsˈvɪə$ˌpɜːrsˈvɪr/
to continue trying to do something in a very determined way in spite of difficulties – use this to show approval
➡It can be tricky at first, but persevere.
⛧persevere with
➡He persevered with his task until he had succeeded in collecting an armful of firewood.
⛧persevere in (doing) something
➡She had persevered in her claim for compensation.
crusade
/kruːˈseɪd/
⛧ crusade against/for
a long and determinedattempt to achieve something that you believe in strongly:
➡ They have long been involved in a crusade for racial equality.
➡ a moral crusade against drugs.
It is beyond my …
comprehension
➡ How he is able to endure living next to the airport is ~.
rigorous
/ˈrɪgərəs/adjective
1)careful, thorough, and exact
➡a rigorous analysis of defence needs
➡the rigorous standards required by the college
»> rigorous testing/checking/methods
2)very severe or strict
➡rigorous army training
(controlling behaviour in a severe way: )
»> the rigorous controls governing the sale of shares
forfeit
/ˈfɔːft$ˈfɔːr-/verb[T]
to lose a right, position, possession etc or have it taken away from you because you have broken a law or rule
از دست دادن
➡By being absent from the trial, heforfeited therightto appeal.
➡She was fined £3,000 and ordered to forfeit her car.
➡ Usually you must forfeit your native country’s citizenship to become a citizen of another country.
⚌⚌⚌⚌⚌⚌
forfeit
(noun[C])
UK/ˈfɔː.fɪt/US/ˈfɔːr.fət/
something that you havelost therightto do or have because you havebrokenarule
محرومیت
relinquish
/rɪˈlɪŋkwɪʆ/verb[T] (formal)
to let someone else have your position, power, or rights, especially unwillingly
🔺SYNgive up
➡No one wants to relinquish power once they have it.
⛧ relinquish something to somebody
➡Stultz relinquished control to his subordinate.
⚌⚌⚌⚌
precarious
/ prɪˈkeəriəs $ -ˈker- / adjective
a precarious situation or state is one which may very easily or quickly become worse :
»> Her health remained precarious, despite the treatment.
»> the company’s precarious financial position
Syn. hazardous
> > > The diver put himself in a precarious situation among the sharks.
The cup was positioned precariously on the edge of the table.
sporadic
/spəˈrædɪk/
happening fairly often, but not regularly
SYN intermittent :
Syn. erratic
> > > There has been sporadic violence downtown.
> > > sporadic gunfire
a sporadic electricity supply
More than 100 people have been killed this year in sporadic outbursts of ethnic violence.
————
— sporadically / -kli / adverb :
The fighting continued sporadically for several days.
= not consistent; irregular
> > > Sporadic gunfire continued through the night.
sporadic outbreaks of disease‧
Our advertising campaigns have been too sporadic to have had a lot of success
trilobite
/ traɪləbaɪt / noun [ countable ]
a type of fossil of a small sea creature
> > > This is a superior fossil of a trilobite.
superior = exceptional, excellent quality; above all the rest
wanton
wanton / ˈwɒntən $ ˈwɒːn-, ˈwɑːn- / adjective
1 deliberately harming someone or damaging something for no reason
آسيب رسان
»> an act of wanton aggression
»> a wanton disregard for life
2 (formal)
uncontrolled :
»> wanton growth
done without thought or consideration
Syn. senseless
adv. wantonly
»> The jealous man was wantonly impolite to the winner.
+ wanton destruction (= done deliberately and without caring about it )
»> People were shocked by the wanton destruction that occurred during the riots.
disregard
n-v
/ ˌdɪsrɪˈɡɑːd $ -ɑːrd / verb [ transitive ]
to ignore something or treat it as unimportant :
ناديده گرفتن / گذشتن از چیزی
»> He ordered the jury to disregard the witness’s last statement.
»> Mark totally disregarded my advice.
—————-
+ disregard for/of
»> his disregard for her feelings
احساساتش رو ناديده گرفت
+ total/reckless/complete/flagrant etc disregard
»> flagrant disregard
انکار آشكار
»> Local councillors accused the terrorists of showing a complete disregard for human life.
wisdom
/ ˈwɪzdəm /
خردمندي
»> a man of great wisdom
++ question/doubt the wisdom of (doing) something
»> Local people are questioning the wisdom of spending so much money on a new road.
»> You can always expect a few words of wisdom from Dave.
Syn. insight
