Nervous System II Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the three regions of the brain?

A

prosencephalon, mesencephalon, rhombencephalon

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2
Q

what does the prosencephalon subdivide into?

A

telencephalon (cerebrum) and diencephalon (epithalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus)

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3
Q

what does the rhombencephalon subdivide into?

A

metencephalon (pons, cerebellum), and mylencephalon (medulla oblongata)

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4
Q

the myelencephalon houses nuclei of cranial nerves _________ in lower vertebrates or ______ in mammals

A

V - X, V - XII

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5
Q

T/F? the mylencephalon contains centers regulating heartbeat, blood pressure, intestinal motility, and pulmonary respiration

A

True

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6
Q

What is the fucntion of the cerebellum?

A

fine tunes movement that is ultimately produced by the cerebral cortex

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7
Q

what does the mesencephalon consist of?

A

tectum and tegmentum

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8
Q

what does the tectum consist of?

A

2 optic lobes (anterior and superior colliculus) and 2 auditory lobes (posterior/inferior colliculus)

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9
Q

the tegmentum contains portions of CN ____ and ____

A

III, IV

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10
Q

what does the diencephalon consist of?

A

thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus

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11
Q

What is the fucntion of the epithalamus?

A

includes the pineal gland which affects skin pigmentation in lower vertebrates, photoreception in lampreys, and biological rhythms in higher vertebrates

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12
Q

what is the function of the thalamus?

A

major relay center for all sensory impulses form the spinal cord, hindbrain, and midbrain to telencephalon

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13
Q

what is the function of the hypothalamus?

A

regulates body temperature, water balance, appetite, sexual behavior etc.

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14
Q

what is the function of the pituitary gland?

A

master control of horomones

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15
Q

the neurohypophyseal bud is a ______ outgrowth from forebrain derived from the neuroectoderm, becomes the ______ pituitary lobe

A

ventral, posterior

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16
Q

rathke’s pouch is a _____ outgrowth from the stomodeum derived from the oral ectoderm, becomes _______ pituitary lobe

A

dorsal, anterior

17
Q

the telencephalon consists of the ______

A

cerebrum

18
Q

what are the two regions of the cerebrum?

A

pallium (dorsal) and subpallium (ventral)

19
Q

what is the function of the pallium in fishes?

A

primitive sensory area, receives and processes olfactory input

20
Q

what is the function of the subpallium in fishes?

A

motor area, receives input from pallium and thalamus, innervates lower motor neurons of cranial and spinal nerves

21
Q

what is the function fo the pallium in amphibians?

A

medial, dorsal, and lateral and ventral parts

22
Q

what is the function of the subpallium in amphibians?

A

gives rise to nuclei such as the globus pallidus and striatum that coordinates movement associated with limbs

23
Q

what is the function of the lateral pallium in reptiles?

A

expands becoming dorsal ventricular ridge, receives and processes visual, auditory, and somatic sensory information from thalamus

24
Q

what is the function of the subpallium in reptiles?

A

sends efferents to innervate lower motor neurons of cranial and spinal nerves

25
Q

In mammals, the dorsal pallium expands forming the __________

A

neocortex

26
Q

in mammals, each hemisphere is connected via the __________

A

corpus callosum

27
Q

the basal ganglia is involved in the

A

coordination of movement

28
Q

in mammals, the medial pallium is now the ____

A

hippocampus