Nervous System 1 - Final Exam

Question 1

How many pairs of lateral line cranial nerves do fish have?

Answer 1

6 pairs

Question 2

what is the function of the lateral line system in fish?

Answer 2

mechanoreception

Question 3

where do lateral line cranial nerves originate in fish? Where are they derived from?

Answer 3

originate in the medulla, derived from placodes

Question 4

What does the autonomic nervous system consist of?

Answer 4

sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems

Question 5

Sympathetic nervous system promotes the ________ or ________ response

Answer 5

fight or flight

Question 6

Parasympathetic nervous system promotes the __________ and ___________ response

Answer 6

rest and digest

Question 7

during the fight or flight response of the sympathetic nervous system, blood flow is diverted from _________ and _________

Answer 7

Gi tract, skin (vasoconstriction)

Question 8

during the rest and digest response of the parasympathetic nervous system, blood flow increased to _____ and ______

Answer 8

Gi tract, skin

Question 9

What is the sympathetic nervous system made of?

Answer 9

visceral motor fibers within lateral horn of thoracic and lumbar regions, and the sympathetic chain of ganglia that runs parallel to spinal cord

Question 10

The sympathetic chain is connected to the spinal nerves via the ________________

Answer 10

ramus communicans

Question 11

Preganglionic neurons (visceral motor fibers) leave spinal cord (T1-L2) via ____________

Answer 11

ventral root

Question 12

neurons enter the sympathetic chain via the _____ and synapse with ___________ neurons

Answer 12

white ramus communicans, postganglionic

Question 13

postganglionic neurons leave the sympathetic chain via _____________ and reach __________ (smooth muscle or gland)

Answer 13

grey ramus communicans, effector

Question 14

How does a neuron reach effectors in the head region?

Answer 14

preganglionic neurons reach the chain, ascend to superior cervical ganglion, synapse with postganglionic neurons, “hitch a ride” with arteries up the head to reach effectors

Question 15

How does a neuron reach effectors for abdominal viscera?

Answer 15

preganglionic neurons pass through the chain, form splanchnic nerves, synapse with postganglionic neurons in mesenteric ganglia, “hitch a ride” with arteries to organs

Question 16

The parasympathetic nervous system involves visceral motor fibers of CN(s) _______________

Answer 16

III, VII, IX, X

Question 17

where are the preganglionic neuron cell bodies of the PNS located?

Answer 17

brainstem and sacral region of the spinal cord

Question 18

Ganglia of PNS is situated _________

Answer 18

near or within effectors

Question 19

preganglionic neurons of the PNS are sent to _________ and synapse with ___________

Answer 19

ganglia, postganglionic neurons

Question 20

CN III preganglionic neurons sent to the ___________ and synapse with _____________ that innervate __________- and __________

Answer 20

ganglion (ciliary), post ganglionic neurons, pupillary constrictor and ciliary muscles

Question 21

CN VII and IX preganglionic neurons are sent to various __________ (otic, submandibular) and synapse with ____________ that innervate the _________ and __________ glands

Answer 21

ganglia, postganglionic neurons, lacrimal, salivary

Question 22

CN X preganglionic neurons sent to numerous ____________, synapse with ____________ that innervate _________, __________, and ___________

Answer 22

visceral ganglia, post ganglionic neurons, heart, lungs, digestive organs

Question 23

preganglionic neurons from ______________ exit via the __________, form splanchnic nerves that reach ___________ and synapse with ________ to innervate ___________ and ___________

Answer 23

sacral region, ventral root, ganglia, postganglionic neurons, rectum, urogenital system