nervous system: diencephalon, cerebellum and brain stems, brain systems

Question 1

what is the diencephalon?

Answer 1

deep to cerebrum(wrapped in cerebral hemispheres) has 3 components

Question 2

what is the thalamus?

Answer 2

egg-shaped(approx 80% of diencephalon)
gateway to cerebral cortex
screens incoming sensory info and relays it to cortex

Question 3

what is the hypothalamus?

Answer 3

-bellow the thalamus
-secretes hormones that control the endocrine system
-seat of emotions(pleasure, rage, fear, sex drive
-regulation of body temp
-hunger and thirst
SEE THAT

Question 4

what is the epithalamus?

Answer 4

-above the thalamus
-region not a structure near 3rd ventricle
-pineal glands located here secretes hormone melatonin

Question 5

characteristics of cerebellum?

Answer 5

2 cerebellar hemispheres
connected by worm-like vermis
outer grey matter=folia
inner grey matter=arbor vitae

Question 6

functions of cerebellum?

Answer 6

-subconscious coordination of movement as dictated by motor cortex
-proper timing and force to motor commands
-subconscious control of posture
-subconscious processing of some sensory input
-ipsilateral

Question 7

what is the brain stem?

Answer 7

-continuous with spinal cord
-same structural plan as spinal cord
-fibre tracts to and from spinal cord here
-cranial nerves arise here

Question 8

what are the three regions of the brain stem?

Answer 8

midbrain (mesencephalon)
pons
medula oblongata

Question 9

functions of midbrain

Answer 9

surrounds cerebral aqueduct

Question 10

where is the substantia nigra found and its function?

Answer 10

located in midbrain and regulates activity of basal nuclei; movement

Question 11

what connects cerebrum with spinal cord?

Answer 11

cerebral peduncles which contain corticospinal tracts which connect them

Question 12

what are the corpura quadrigemina?

Answer 12

4 littles bodies, 2 superior colliculi
2 inferior colliculi

Question 13

what is the pons?

Answer 13

bridge connects cerebellum and brainstem with cerebrum, works with medulla to regulate inhalation and exhalation

Question 14

what is the medula oblongata?

Answer 14

directly contacts spinal cord at formamen magnum, autonomic functions (ANS) regulated here

Question 15

what are some autonomic functions the medula oblongata controls?

Answer 15

breathing rate and pattern, smooth muscle digestions and blood pressure, heart muscle rate and force of contraction

Question 16

what does the limbic system do?

Answer 16

its our emotional brain, behavioural drives and emotions go to hypothalamus(hunger, fear, sex, rage)
memory-cerebral nuclei (hippocampus and amygdala and cerebral cortex cingulate gyrus
fornix association fibres linking components of limbic system

Question 17

reticular activating system RAS

Answer 17

alert consciousness
centered in midbrain- triggers widespread activation (arousal) of cerebral cortex

Question 18

what structure has complex thought processes?

Answer 18

cerebrum

Question 19

what structure regulates body temp?

Answer 19

hypothalamus

Question 20

what structure regulates heart rate and BP?

Answer 20

medula oblongata

Question 21

what structure is our visual and auditory reflexes?

Answer 21

corpura quadrigemina

Question 22

what structure is the master endocrine gland?

Answer 22

pituitary

Question 23

what structure is the subconscious coordination of movement and posture?

Answer 23

cerebellum

Question 24

what connects the 3rd to the 4th ventricles

Answer 24

cerebral aqueducts

Question 25

what relays info between right and left cerebral hemispheres

Answer 25

corpus callosum

Question 26

what screens and directs sensory info?

Answer 26

thalamus

Question 27

what regulates light and dark cycles

Answer 27

pineal cycles

Question 28

what is also known as the mesencephalon?

Answer 28

midbrain

Question 29

what works with the medulla oblongata to regulates breathing

Answer 29

pons

Question 30

what manufactures the CSF?

Answer 30

choroid plexus