muscular system physiology Flashcards
why do skeletal muscles cells contract?
the muscle cells contract in responce to a stimulas from a motor neuron
where do motor neuron communicate with muscle cells?
neuromuscular junction and then the motor unit contracts
what is a motor unit?
motor neuron and the muscle fibres it stimulates
what difference can motor unit have?
some have only a few muscle cells which permits precise motor control and other units have many muscle cells which allows for powerful contractions or gross motor movement
at the neuromuscular junction a motor neuron releases what neurotransmitter?
acetylcholine
what triggers the release of ACh?
Ca+ influx into neuron
at the neuromuscular junction ACh molecules bind to what?
bind to ACh receptor’s on muscle cell membrane
at the neuromuscular junction binding of ACh to muscle cell membrane triggers what?
triggers an action potencial in the muscle cell
what is the muscle cell membrane potencial?
charge difference across cell membrane due to differences in ion distribution which is a form of potencial energy
changes in the membrane potencial can cause what?
can generate an action potencial which is a sudden change in membrane potencial of an editable cell due to Na+ influx which leads to depolarization
muscle cell action potentials occur when?
muscle cells are stimulated by motor neurons
what is excitation?
is an action potencial which through t-tubules triggers Ca+ release which causes crossbridge formation which causes muscle contraction
what is the 1st step in muscle cell excitation?
Na influx causes muscle cell depolarization
action potencial= excitation
what is the 2 step in muscle cell excitation?
action potentials spreads over sacrolemma to t-tubules
what is the 3 step in muscle cell excitation?
a.p triggers Ca+ release from cisternae of sarcoplasmic reticulum