NERVOUS SYSTEM -DEMENTIA Flashcards
What is alzheimer’s disease?
Dementia is brain damage by diseases such as Alzheimer’s of Parkinson’s
What is 1st line drug treatment class for mild to moderate alzheimer’s?
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
donepezil hydrochloride, galantamine, or rivastigmine
What are 3 examples of Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor?
Donepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine
What drug is given for patients with mild to moderate dementia with Parkinsons?
Rivastigmine
What is an alternative to Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor?
Memantine
Used if disease more severe- by primary care
What is drug treatment used in SEVERE dementia?
Memantine
What drug class is memantine?
NMDA receptor antagonist
What are 4 symptoms of dementia?
Memory loss
Difficulty thinking
Language issue
Orientation
What are some non-cognitive symptoms of dementia?
Psychiatric + behaviour issues
What is an MHRA warning regarding Anti-psychotics in elderly patients with dementia?
Higher risk of stroke + death in elderly
What is MOA of Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor?
Blocks Acetylcholinesterase enzyme
- prevents breakdown of acetylcholine
What is a RARE SE of donepezil?
neuroleptic malignant syndrome
What is a rare SE of galantamine?
serious skin reactions (SJS)
What is a rare SE of rivastigmine?
GI issues
What formulation of Rivastigmine is there reduced GI effects?
Transdermal