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PRE-REG-Thuri > INFECTIONS - MALARIA, BITE PREVENTION, CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS, > Flashcards

INFECTIONS - MALARIA, BITE PREVENTION, CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS, Flashcards

1
Q

what is malaria?

A

Serious tropical disease spread via mosquito bits carrying plasmodium.

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2
Q

What are the 5 symptoms of malaria?

A

High temperature - above 38 degrees

Chills

Headache

muscle ache

diarrhoea + vomiting

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3
Q

What to do before travelling when regarding malaria?

A

Find out risk of malaria in that country

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4
Q

Should pregnant women and asplenic people go to malaria known countries?

A

Avoid

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5
Q

What are 4 prevention methods for mosquito bites?

A

Personal protection

NET - with permethrin

DEET mosquito repellant (20-50% 2 months plus, use suncream first)

Long sleeves + trousers after dusk

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6
Q

Is DEET suitable for pregnancy/ breastfeeding?

A

yes

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7
Q

What age is DEET suitable from?

A

2 months onwards

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8
Q

What are 6 example drugs of chemoprophylaxis of malaria?

A

Chloroquine

Chloroquine + Proguanil

Doxycycline - over 12 years

Malarone

Mefloquine

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9
Q

What is a recent MHRA warning related to chloroquine?

A

Risk of CVD effect when using with macrolides

Psychiatric conditions

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10
Q

What is a key patient counselling point for chloroquine?

A

Report new/worsening MH symptoms

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11
Q

How long to continue doxycycline for malaria chemoprophylaxis?

A

4 weeks after leaving country.

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12
Q

What is doxycycline dose for chemophophylaxis of malaria?

A

100mg OD, take this 1 to 2 days before enteric endemic area

Continue 4 weeks after leaving

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13
Q

Can you drive on mefloquine?

A

No

Dizziness or a disturbed sense of balance may affect performance.

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14
Q

What anti-malarial drug has risk of driving issues?

A

Mefloquine

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15
Q

What 2 anti-malarials to avoid if patient is epileptic?

A

Chloroquine

Mefloquine

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16
Q

What anti-malarials to reduce dose if patient has renal impairment?

A

Proguanil

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17
Q

What anti-malarial drug to avoid if eGFR <30?

18
Q

What anti-malarials are allowed in pregnancy?

A

Chloroquine ONLY - benefit outweights risk

Proguanil = no longer be used in malaria prophylaxis in pregnant pts.

ONLY chloroquine is licensed as proguanil is no longer available in the UK from 23rd July 2023.

19
Q

What should be given when pregnant women taking Chloroquine as antimalarial?

A

5mg folic acid daily

20
Q

What 2 malaria prophylaxis drugs can you take long term?

A

Proguanil

Chloroquine

21
Q

When to take antimalarial if patient on warfarin?

A

Start drug 2-3 weeks before travel

Stable INR- monitor before, 7 days after start + completion

22
Q

What is malarone?

A

Atovaquone/Proguanil

23
Q

What antimalarial drug to start 2-3 weeks before travel?

A

Mefloquine

24
Q

How long to take malarone after travel?

A

1 week after travel

25
What 2 anti-malarials to take 1-2 days before travel?
Malarone Doxycycline
26
What antimalarials to take 1 week before?
Proguanil Chloroquine
27
What is standby treatment for malaria?
Emergency prevention tx if away from medical care for 24+ hrs
28
What written instructions does a traveller need for standby treatment for malaria?
seeking urgent medical attention if fever (38°C or more) develops 7 days after arriving. self treat if no medical help within 24 hrs
29
What is drug used in standby emergency malaria treatment?
Quinine
30
What is 1st line drug tx for falciparum malaria?
Artemether with lumefantrine
31
What is drug tx for falciparum malaria if 1st line not available?
quinine
32
What counselling point to tell patients with any illness within 1 year after malaria exposure?
Promptly see doctor + mention exposure.
33
How to take malarone?
1-2 days before travel 1 OD Take 1 week after travel. Max 1 year use
34
How to take chloroquine?
1 week before travel 1 Weekly Take it 4 weeks after travel Can take long term
35
What 2 antimalarials are taken 1 a week?
Chloroquine Mefloquine
36
How to take proguanil?
Take 1 week before travel 1 OD 4 weeks after travel
37
How to take mefloquine?
Take 2-3 weeks before travel 1 weekly take 4 weeks after travel
38
How to take doxycycline for prophylaxis travel?
1-2 days before travel 1 OD 4 weeks after travel
39
What drug is taken for 2 years in prophylaxis of malaria?
Doxycycline
40
What 2 antimalarials taken 1 weekly?
Mefloquine Chloroquine
41
What antimalarial drug causes psychiatric disorders?
Mefloquine
42
What antimalarial retinotoxic?
Chloroquine

PRE-REG-Thuri (44 decks)

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