Nephro - General Examination Flashcards
1
Q
Def of Pallor
A
- Decrease visibility or oxyhemoglobin
2
Q
Sites of Pallor
A
3
Q
Causes of Pallor
A
4
Q
Causes of Pallor
- True
A
5
Q
Causes of Pallor
- False
A
6
Q
Def of Jaundice
A
- Yellowish discoloration of the skin & mucous membrane due to increased level of serum bilirubin
7
Q
Sites of Jaundice
A
8
Q
Causes of Jaundice
A
9
Q
DDx of Jaundice
A
10
Q
Causes of Hypercarotenemia
A
11
Q
Sites of Hypercarotenemia
A
- soles & face
- but not in the sclera & MM
12
Q
Def of Cyanosis
A
bluish discoloration of skin & mucous membrane (mm)
13
Q
Etiology of Cyanosis
A
Inc. Level of reduced HB in capillaries › 5 gm /di or abnormal HB in capillaries
14
Q
Types of Cyanosis
A
15
Q
Types of Cyanosis
- Central
A
16
Q
Types of Cyanosis
- Peripheral
A
17
Q
Causes of Plethora
A
18
Q
Causes of Malar Rash
A
19
Q
Difference Between
- decubitus
- Position
- Attittude
- Gait
A
20
Q
Def of Orthopnea
A
- Dyspnea on lying flat improves on semi setting position.
21
Q
Causes of Orthopnea
A
22
Q
Def of Platypnea
A
Dyspnea in the erect position relieved by recumbency
23
Q
Causes of Platypnea
A
- Huge apical lung tumors
- hepatopulmonary syndrome.
24
Q
Def of Trepopnea
A
- Patient prefer to lie on one side and dyspnea occur on the opposite side
25
Causes of **Trepopnea**
pleurisy or lung abscess.
26
Causes of **Squatting Decubitus**
TOF
27
Causes of **Praying position**
- Pericardial effusion
- mediastinal syndrome
- acute pancreatitis.
28
Causes of **Opisthotonous**
High arched back as in:
- meningitis
- tetanus
- strychnine poisoning.
29
Causes of **Flexion Attitude**
1. Passive in abdominal colic.
2. rigid in peritonitis.
3. Parkinsonism.
30
Causes of **Restlessness**
Renal Colic
31
Causes of **Waterhammer Pulse**
32
Bradycardia
33
Tachycardia
34
Causes of **Unequal Pulse Volume**
35
Factors affecting Blood Pressure
36
Classification of BP
37
Pulse/Temperature Ration
38
Causes of **Relative Tachycardia**
39
Causes of **Relative Bradycardia**
40
Indication of Rectal Measurment of Temperature
41
Causes of Tachypnea
42
Causes of Bradypnea
43
Causes of **Puffy Eyelids**
44
Causes of **Congested Neck Veins**
45
Causes of **Flapping Tremors**
46
Causes of **Carpal Tunnel Syndrome**
47
Grades of **Clubbing**
48
Causes of **Clubbing**
49
Causes of **Clubbing**
- Pale (Toxemic)
50
Causes of **Clubbing**
- Blue (Hypoxic / Cyantotic)
51
Causes of **Unilateral Edema**
52
Causes of **Bilateral Edema**
