CVD Flashcards
What does MCA supply?
Lateral aspect of anterior 3/5th of
cerebral hemisphere.
What does ACA supply?
Medial aspect of anterior 3/5th of cerebral hemisphere & upper edge of lateral surface.
What does PCA supply?
Supply posterior 2/5th of the cerebral hemisphere (Whole occipital lobe and the Posterior part of the temporal lobe).
Circle of Willis
Def of Stroke
- Rapidly developing clinical symptoms and/or signs of focal loss of brain function lasting more than 24 hours or leading to death with no apparent cause other than that of vascular origin.
Causes of Ischemic Stroke
Thrombotic Causes of Ischemic Stroke
Embolic Causes of Ischemic Stroke
Hematological Causes of Ischemic Stroke
Clinical Features of Ischemic Stroke
- Focal loss of neurological function
- Negative in quality
- Rapidly developing
- Maximal at onset
Clinical Features of Ischemic Stroke
- Focal Loss of neurological Function
Clinical Features of Ischemic Stroke
- Focal Loss of neurological Function (In Carotid System)
Unilateral signs e.g.
a. Hemiplegia,
b. Hemi-hypoesthesia,
c. Hemianopia
d. Aphasia (if the left hemisphere is involved).
Clinical Features of Ischemic Stroke
- Focal Loss of neurological Function (In Veretbrobasilar System)
Bilateral signs
a. Motor and sensory signs (hemiplegia may also be found)
b. Disturbance of cranial nerves and cerebellum.
The commonest involved artery is the ……. which supply the internal capsule
MCA & its central branches
The MCA supplies: …….
- Lateral portions of frontal and parietal lobes
- Superior part of the temporal lobe
So, its blockage May damage the following structures: …….
So, its blockage May damage the following structures:
1) Primary Motor Cortex
2) Primary somatosensory cortex
3) Broca’s area
4) Optic radiations
Occlusion of PICA →
Lateral medullary syndrome
Clinical Features of Ischemic Stroke
- Negative in Quality
Clinical Features of Ischemic Stroke
- Rapidly Developing
The onset of the focal neurological symptoms and signs is sudden or acute
Clinical Features of Ischemic Stroke
- Maximal at Onset
- The focal neurological symptoms and signs are maximal at onset (i.e. evolving over minutes to hours in all of the affected body parts) rather than progressive (evolving over days to weeks and migrating from one body part to another).
INVx in Ischemic Stroke
- 1st Line INVx
- Urgent Plain CT
- Duplex Carotid US
- ECG & Echo
- Specialized INVx
INVx in Ischemic Stroke
- 1st Line INVx
- Full blood count & ESR
- PT, INR and PTT
- Plasma glucose
- Plasma urea & electrolytes
- Plasma cholesterol
- Urine analysis
INVx in Ischemic Stroke
- 1st Line INVx (Significance)
- These investigations may reveal important modifiable risk factors & may suggest the cause of stroke (e.g. polycythemia, thrombocythemia, infective endocarditis