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Medicine II - OSCE > Multiple Sclerosis > Flashcards

Multiple Sclerosis Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

Causes of MS

A
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3
Q

CP of MS

A

(affect any area of the Brain, Optic nerve, or Spinal cord, causing almost any neurologic symptom)

  • Sensory
  • Motor
  • Visual
  • cerebellum
  • Neuropsychiatric
  • Genaturinary
  • Fatigue
  • Utthoff’s Sign
  • Relapse
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4
Q

CP of MS

  • Visual
A
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5
Q

CP of MS

  • Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO)
A
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6
Q

CP of MS

  • Sensory
A
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7
Q

CP of MS

  • L’hermitte’s Sign
A
  • Electrical sensations run down the spine when the patient bends her head forward due to lesion of the dorsal column of cervical cord or cauda medulla
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8
Q

CP of MS

  • MS Hug
A

Tightening around the chest

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9
Q

CP of MS

  • Motor
A
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10
Q

CP of MS

  • Cerebellar
A
  • Tremors
  • Ataxia
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11
Q

CP of MS

  • Neuropsychiatric
A
  • Depression
  • Irritability
  • Anxiety
  • Memory & Concentration Abnormalities
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12
Q

CP of MS

  • Genaturinary
A
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13
Q

CP of MS

  • Intractable Fatigue with no Other Causes
A

…

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14
Q

CP of MS

  • Uthoff’s Phenomenon
A

Classic MS Sign

  • Worsening of symptoms in the heat (hot weather, exercise, fever)
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15
Q

Classification of MS

A
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16
Q

Prognosis in MS

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17
Q

Prognosis in MS

  • Good
18
Q

Prognosis in MS

  • Poor
19
Q

Dx of MS

20
Q

Dx of MS

  • Apsects
A
  • Exclude other explanations
  • Prove it is M.S diagnoses
21
Q

Dx of MS

  • Clinical
A
  • History and examination (all c/p not single symptom)
  • Evidence of CNS involvement.
  • Dissemination in space and time
22
Q

Dx of MS

  • INVx (Paraclinical)
A
  • Neuroimaging.
  • Evoked potentials.
  • CSF analysis.
23
Q

Dx Criteria of MS

24
Q

Dx of MS

  • MRI
25
Q

Dx of MS

  • Evoked Potentials
26
Q

Dx of MS

  • CSF Examination
27
Q

CSF Examination in MS

  • Sensitivity
A

Abnormal in 85% to 90% of patients with MS.

28
Q

CSF Examination in MS

  • Cells
A

Increased, specially during activity up to 40 cells/ mm3

29
Q

CSF Examination in MS

  • Total Protein
A

moderately Increased

30
Q

CSF Examination in MS

  • Gamma Globulin
A

Increased, especially IgG ( T total IgG, IgG ratio, IgG synthesis rate).

31
Q

CSF Examination in MS

  • Oligoclonal Bands
A
  • Presence of two or more oligoclonal bands in the CS that are not present in a simultaneously drawn serum sample ICS examination
32
Q

CSF Examination in MS

  • IgG Index
33
Q

DDx of MS

34
Q

TTT of MS

35
Q

TTT of MS

  • Avoid PPt Factors
36
Q

TTT of MS

  • TTT of an attack (or Relapse)
37
Q

TTT of MS

  • Relapse Prevention (In Between Attacks)
38
Q

TTT of MS

  • Symptomatic
39
Q

TTT of MS

  • Physiotherapy
40
Q

Disease Modifying Therapy in MS

  • Intro

Medicine II - OSCE (32 decks)

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