Multiple Sclerosis Flashcards
1
Q
A
2
Q
Causes of MS
A
3
Q
CP of MS
A
(affect any area of the Brain, Optic nerve, or Spinal cord, causing almost any neurologic symptom)
- Sensory
- Motor
- Visual
- cerebellum
- Neuropsychiatric
- Genaturinary
- Fatigue
- Utthoff’s Sign
- Relapse
4
Q
CP of MS
- Visual
A
5
Q
CP of MS
- Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO)
A
6
Q
CP of MS
- Sensory
A
7
Q
CP of MS
- L’hermitte’s Sign
A
- Electrical sensations run down the spine when the patient bends her head forward due to lesion of the dorsal column of cervical cord or cauda medulla
8
Q
CP of MS
- MS Hug
A
Tightening around the chest
9
Q
CP of MS
- Motor
A
10
Q
CP of MS
- Cerebellar
A
- Tremors
- Ataxia
11
Q
CP of MS
- Neuropsychiatric
A
- Depression
- Irritability
- Anxiety
- Memory & Concentration Abnormalities
12
Q
CP of MS
- Genaturinary
A
13
Q
CP of MS
- Intractable Fatigue with no Other Causes
A
…
14
Q
CP of MS
- Uthoff’s Phenomenon
A
Classic MS Sign
- Worsening of symptoms in the heat (hot weather, exercise, fever)
15
Q
Classification of MS
A
16
Q
Prognosis in MS
A
17
Q
Prognosis in MS
- Good
A
18
Q
Prognosis in MS
- Poor
A
19
Q
Dx of MS
A
20
Q
Dx of MS
- Apsects
A
- Exclude other explanations
- Prove it is M.S diagnoses
21
Q
Dx of MS
- Clinical
A
- History and examination (all c/p not single symptom)
- Evidence of CNS involvement.
- Dissemination in space and time
22
Q
Dx of MS
- INVx (Paraclinical)
A
- Neuroimaging.
- Evoked potentials.
- CSF analysis.
23
Q
Dx Criteria of MS
A
24
Q
Dx of MS
- MRI
A
25
Dx of **MS**
- Evoked Potentials
26
Dx of **MS**
- CSF Examination
27
CSF Examination in **MS**
- Sensitivity
Abnormal in 85% to 90% of patients with MS.
28
CSF Examination in **MS**
- Cells
Increased, specially during activity up to 40 cells/ mm3
29
CSF Examination in **MS**
- Total Protein
moderately Increased
30
CSF Examination in **MS**
- Gamma Globulin
Increased, especially IgG ( T total IgG, IgG ratio, IgG synthesis rate).
31
CSF Examination in **MS**
- Oligoclonal Bands
- Presence of two or more oligoclonal bands in the CS that are not present in a simultaneously drawn serum sample ICS examination
32
CSF Examination in **MS**
- IgG Index
33
DDx of **MS**
34
TTT of **MS**
35
TTT of **MS**
- Avoid PPt Factors
...
36
TTT of **MS**
- TTT of an attack (or Relapse)
37
TTT of **MS**
- Relapse Prevention (In Between Attacks)
38
TTT of **MS**
- Symptomatic
39
TTT of **MS**
- Physiotherapy
...
40
Disease Modifying Therapy in **MS**
- Intro
