Neoplasia

Question 1

What is P-selectin?

Answer 1

Cell adhesion molecule: it marginates neutrophils during acute inflammation

Question 2

What two cells have abundant telomerase expression?

Answer 2

Cancer cells and germ cells. Somatic cells do not normally express telomerase

Question 3

What gene is the catalytic subunit of telomerase?

Answer 3

Human telomerase reverse transcriptase

Question 4

How do DNA viruses cause cancer?

Answer 4

They inactivate tumor suppressor genes

Question 5

HPV PATHOGENESIS IS/?

Answer 5

E6 and E7 genes of HPV 16 bind p53 and pRb

Question 6

Carcinoma in situ

Answer 6

Cancers that don’t penetrate the basement b membrane

Question 7

Koilocytosis

Answer 7

Presence of squamous cells with perinuclear halos and nuclear changes. Indicative of HPV infection

Question 8

What ion is adhering dependent on?

Answer 8

Calcium

Question 9

What is function of Lysol hydroxylase?

Answer 9

Post translational modification of collagen

Question 10

What kind of tumors exhibit Anaplasia?

Answer 10

High. Grade- they lack differentiated features

Question 11

Papillomatosis

Answer 11

Fond-like structures

Question 12

Medullary

Answer 12

Soft cellular tumor

Question 13

Scirrhous or desmoplastlc

Answer 13

Dense fibrous stroma

Question 14

Colloidal carcinoma

Answer 14

Secretes abundant mucus

Question 15

What compound is normally seen produced inlung cancers?

Answer 15

Corticotropin (ACTH)

Question 16

What would happen to adrenal function in adrenal and pituitary metastases? What disease is this?

Answer 16

Adrenal Function would be lost- Addison’ s disease

Question 17

Alpha fetal protein is a tumor marker for what carcinomas?

Answer 17

Yolk Sac and Hepatocellular

Question 18

Calretinin is a tumor marker for what cancer?

Answer 18

Mesothelioma

Question 19

Synaptophysin is a marker for what tumour?

Answer 19

Neuroendocrine- including small cell carcinoma of theking

Question 20

Carcinoembryonic antigen is a marker for what cancer?

Answer 20

COLON and many others

Question 21

How do RAD51 and BRA proteins 1&2 work together?

Answer 21

brca binds RAD to meditate double strand repair breaks

Question 22

Chondroma

Answer 22

Benign cartaliginous tumor

Question 23

Hamartoma

Answer 23

Disorganized normal tissue

Question 24

What are three features ofAtaxia Telangiectasia

Answer 24

1. Cellular degeneration
2. Immunological abnOrmalities
3. Predisposition to cancer

Question 25

What cancer are albinism patients at risk for?

Answer 25

Squamous cell carcinoma of skin. They do not have a defect in DNA excision repair

Question 26

Describe anemia of a paraneoplastic syndrome.

Answer 26

The anemia is Neolithic and normochromic. Fe deficiency anemia normally I seen when the cancer is bleeding into the GI tract.

Question 27

What are some chromosome alterations seen in solid tumors?

Answer 27

1. Homogenous staining regions 2; abnormal banding regions on fhromoome 3, double minutes

Question 28

What symptoms are seen in carcinoid syndrome and why?

Answer 28

Serotonin, histamine and bradykinin are released and cause flushing, bronchial wheezing, watery diarrhea and abdominal colic

Question 29

Where are carcinoid normally found?

Answer 29

Submucosa of the intestine

Question 30

alpha-fetotprotein is a tumor marker for what cancers?

Answer 30

Hepatocellular carcinomas | Testicular CArcinomas

Question 31

what is a choristoma?

Answer 31

benign mass composed of tissues not from the site of origin

Question 32

what pathway of is activated by APC?

Answer 32

WNT signaling