Need for Oxygen

Question 1

Polyphenols

Answer 1

found in tea and coffee. It makes it harder for patient to absorb iron.

Question 2

toxic liquid found in candles & what can it cause?

Answer 2

benzene; anemia, leukemia

Question 3

What is foot-strike hemolysis?

Answer 3

runners can develop this, RBC are broken down in feet, they can have blood in urine

Question 4

When is iron deficiency anemia most common in children?

Answer 4

2-6 months because that is when they stop drinking formula

Question 5

s/s of iron deficiency

Answer 5

brittle nails, sore or swollen tongue, cracks in mouth, enlarged spleen, pica, restless leg syndrome

Question 6

What foods have iron in it?

Answer 6

Red meat, organ meat, broccoli, green leafy foods, beans, spirulina, eggs, whole grains

Question 7

What should you take/ not take with iron?

Answer 7

Should take with vit c, should not take with calcium 30 mins before or after taking iron

Question 8

What is Iron Dextran (Inferon)?

Answer 8

it treats iron deficiency, its given in the vastus lateralis and you use the z-track method. Draw it up with one neeedle and give it with another needle.

Question 9

OD on iron is most common at what age?

Answer 9

12 months - 2 years

Question 10

what does the tubing look like when doing a blood transfusion?

Answer 10

y-shaped with a filter

Question 11

What do you do first before transfusing blood?

Answer 11

check order with another nurse, prime line with NS check to see if patient had a previous rxn from blood in the past, VS, give blood within 30 mins of getting blood and within 4 hours of transfusion

Question 12

What along with benadryl can you take if you have an allergic rxn?

Answer 12

Solu-cortef

Question 13

what blood type can AB receive?

Answer 13

It’s the universal recipient

Question 14

what blood type can O recieve?

Answer 14

O

Question 15

What blood type can AA, AO receive?

Answer 15

AA, AO, OO

Question 16

What blood type can BB, BO, OO receive?

Answer 16

BB, BO, OO

Question 17

Acute hemolytic transfusion rxn s/s

Answer 17

hypotension, temp increase >2 degrees, chest pain, diaphoresis

Question 18

Coagulopathy

Answer 18

transfusion complication where the hosts clotting factors/ platelets are diluted

Question 19

Hypothermia

Answer 19

transfusion complication that happens because blood is cold

Question 20

Why is hyperkalemia a transfusion rxn complication?

Answer 20

may be increased in if RBC burst during transfusion

Question 21

Why is hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis a transfusion rxn complication?

Answer 21

it can happen is a large amount of citrated cells are transfused

Question 22

If a patient doesn’t want a blood transfusion, what can we do instead?

Answer 22

give Erythropoietin (Procrit, Epogen) or Neupogen (to increase WBC or Leukine (To increase macrophage count)

Question 23

Iron should be given where IM?

Answer 23

large muscle

Question 24

Folic Acid deficiency is common in?

Answer 24

alcoholics, patients receiving TPN and elderly and people on antiseizure meds

Question 25

If a patient is on Dilantin or Phenabaritol what should you check for?

Answer 25

folic acid deficiency

Question 26

The body needs folic acid to make?

Answer 26

WBC, RBC, Platelets & for normal growth

Question 27

How is folic acid consumed?

Answer 27

PO/IM/diet

Question 28

Folic acid foods

Answer 28

Okra, asparagus, liver, cooked dry beans

Question 29

Vitamin B 12 is necessary for?

Answer 29

synthesis of DNA, cell division and maturation

Question 30

What happens to your cells without vit B12?

Answer 30

they are fragile and have a shortened life span

Question 31

What is the intrinsic factor and why is it important?

Answer 31

Intrinsic factor is secreted by gastric mucosa and absorbs vitamin B12.

Question 32

Pernicious anemia

Answer 32

form of B12 deficiency because with this, you have no intrinsic factor and so you cant absorb vitamin B12

Question 33

s/s of pernicious anemia

Answer 33

parathesia, forgetfulness, decreased prorioception, dizziness. These symptoms can come at random

Question 34

Chronic diseases that can cause anemia

Answer 34

RA, Chronic infections, cancers

Question 35

what happens when you have anemia of renal disease? and how do you treat it?

Answer 35

there is a decrease in erthropoietin and a decrease in RBC. You treat it with epoetin or darbepoetin

Question 36

Aplastic anemia

Answer 36

bone marrow stops producing enough new blood cells so you don't have enough RBC, WBC & Platelets

Question 37

What are you at risk for with Aplastic anemia?

Answer 37

bleeding

Question 38

What can cause aplastic anemia?

Answer 38

toxic chemicals, drugs, viral infections, autoimmune disorder, bone marrow diseases

Question 39

what is HR like with aplastic anemia?

Answer 39

increased,, prolonged bleeding,

Question 40

What do you do to treat aplastic anemia

Answer 40

transfusion, cure: stem cell transplant

Question 41

Hemolytic Anemia

Answer 41

destruction of RBC

Question 42

Treatment for acquired hemolytic anemia

Answer 42

steriod therapy, removal of spleen, transfusions

Question 43

two types of inherited hemolytic anemia

Answer 43

sickle cell & Thalassemia

Question 44

Sickle cell anemia treatment goal

Answer 44

ease pain during crsis and prevent crisis

Question 45

If one parent is a carrier of sickle cell and the other parent is not, what will kids be like?

Answer 45

50% of being a carrier or not

Question 46

If both parents are carriers what will kids be like?

Answer 46

25% it will have the disease or not and 50% it will be a carrier

Question 47

sickle cell crisis s/s

Answer 47

severe fever which can cause: seizures, ischemia, stroke, MI, HF, kidney or lunge damage

Question 48

Sickle cell treatment

Answer 48

hydrate, folic acid, oxygen, antibiotics, analgesics,

Question 49

Hydroxyurea & Nitric Oxide is given when and to whom

Answer 49

sickle cell patients, its a long term medication

Question 50

What is Thalassemia? s/s

Answer 50

its the over production of iron. s/s: enlarged spleen/liver. Poor prognosis