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Nursing III > Cardiovascular Assessment/ Lab values > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Assessment/ Lab values Flashcards

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1
Q

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea

A

Hard to breath at night when lying down

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2
Q

8 Areas of Investigation: “OLD CART”

A

Onset, Location, Duration, Character, Aggrevating/Alleviating Factors, Radiation, Timing

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3
Q

Hypotension

A

90/60

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4
Q

If you use a small cuff on a fat person, what will that do to their bp?

A

increase it

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5
Q

Does cold increase or decrease BP? fever? Heat?

A

Cold=Increases B, Fever=Increases BP, Heat=Decreases it

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6
Q

BP is typically _____ in AM and ___ in late afternoon/early evening

A

low in AM and high in late afternoon/early evening

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7
Q

Optimal Adult BP

A

120/80 or under

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8
Q

Normal Adult BP 20-40 years

A

<85

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9
Q

High Normal Adult BP

A

130-139/85-89

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10
Q

Stage 1 mild hypertension for Adults

A

140-159/90-99

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11
Q

Stage 2 Moderate hypertension for Adults

A

160-179/100-109

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12
Q

Stage 3 Severe hypertension for Adults

A

180+/110+

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13
Q

Stage 4 Very Severe hypertension for Adults

A

210+/120+

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14
Q

Normal Infant (1 day-11 months) pulse

A

70-170

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15
Q

A weak pulse does what?

A

Fades in and out

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16
Q

Which pulse do you check for a newborn?

A

Temporal

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17
Q

When using a BP cuff on a person’s leg, which pulses can you use?

A

Pedal or posterior tibial

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18
Q

How does fever effect pulse?

A

the fever increases it

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19
Q

Causes of Tachycardia

A

Anxiety, Anemia, Fever, Nicotine (only during smoking), Caffeine, Dysrythmias, Ceratian meds

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20
Q

Meds that cause Tachycardia “FAAST”

A

Free base cocaine, Anticholinergics (bronchdilators), Antihistamines (allergies), Amphetamines (used for weight gain, ADHD), Sympathomimetics (bronchdilators), heophyline (bronchdilators)

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21
Q

Free base cocaine, Anticholinergics (bronchdilators), Antihistamines (allergies), Amphetamines (used for weight gain, ADHD), Sympathomimetics (bronchdilators), heophyline (bronchdilators) cause tachycardia or bradycardia?

A

tachycardia

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22
Q

Hyperthyroid causes tachycardia or bradycardia?

A

tachycardia

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23
Q

Hypoxia causes tachycardia or bradycardia?

A

tachycardia

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24
Q

Hypoglycemia, hypovolemia, hypokalemia, hypocalemia, hypomagnesia all cause tachycardia or bradycardia?

A

tachycardia

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25
Q

What does Late hypoxia cause?

A

bradycardia

26
Q

Meds that cause bradycardia

A

Digoxin, Narcotics, Beta Blockers (lopressor), Calcium channel blockers (CCB)

27
Q

What can cause bradycardia?

A

hypothermia, Increased ICP, MI, Dysrythmias, Hypothyroidism, Hyperkalemia, Hypercalcemia

28
Q

Late hypoxia symptoms “BED”

A

Bradycardia, Extreme restlessness, Dysnea

29
Q

CHF, overhydration, & kidney cause what?

A

Jugular distension

30
Q

When check for JVD the patient has to be in what position?

A

45 degree angle

31
Q

Auscultation sites in order “APE TO MAN”

A

1.)Aortic 2.)Pulmonic 3.)Erb’s point 4.)Tricuspid 5.)MItral

32
Q

Which valves go with the “LUB” sound?

A

Tricuspid &Mitral valves which are the Atrioventricular Valcues

33
Q

Which valves go with the “DUB” sound?

A

Aortic & pulmonic which are the Semilunar valves

34
Q

What heart prob will you see with an S3 and who will you see it with

A

Heart failure, Seen in pregnancy & kids but will go away

35
Q

What heart probs will you see with S4

A

HTN or heart disease

36
Q

when will you hear S3?

A

right after “DUB”

37
Q

when will you hear S4?

A

right after “LUB”

38
Q

Thick nail beds=___; Thin nail beds=__

A

poor circulation; malnutrition

39
Q

Troponin indicates what?

A

MI

40
Q

Myoglobin levels can also increase with ___ &____ probs

A

renal & skeletal muscle probs

41
Q

Myoglobin will increase ____ hrs from the onset of symptoms

A

1-3 hrs

42
Q

BNP is indicative of what?

A

heart failure

43
Q

If Homocysteine is high, what does this indcate?

A

risk for Coronary artery disease (CAD) & Stroke & PVD

44
Q

Normal WBC level

A

5,000-10,000

45
Q

Normal Hemoglobin level and what is it

A

M: 14-18; F: 12-16. Hem is related to Iron

46
Q

Normal Hct levels and what is this

A

M: 40-52% F:37-47% Hct is the % of RBC

47
Q

Normal Ca++ level

A

8.5-10.5

48
Q

Normal Mg++ Level

A

1.8-2.7

49
Q

Normal BUN level

A

8-20

50
Q

Normal Creatine level

A

M: .6-1.2 F:70-110

51
Q

Normal LDL level; Normal LDL level for DM patient

A

<70

52
Q

Heparin Antidote

A

Protamine

53
Q

Protamine is the antidote for what?

A

Heparin

54
Q

Can you push Heparin?

A

NO, Dilute Heparin when flushing, always have coworker check

55
Q

Where do you administer Lovenox?

A

Love handles

56
Q

How long does it take for Warfarin Sodium (Coumadin) to reach therapeutic level?

A

48-72 hrs

57
Q

Adntidote for Warfarin Sodium (Coumadin)

A

Vitamin K

58
Q

PT range for Coumadin should be what? Therapeutic range should be what?

A

12-15 seconds; 24-30 seconds

59
Q

When INR is over 3.0 what will happen?

A

excessive bleeding

60
Q

Cholesterol level

A

<200

61
Q

HDL level

A

> HDL

62
Q

Triglyseride level

A

<150

Nursing III (25 decks)

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