Anxiety & Somatic Disorders Flashcards
Stages of General Adaptation Syndrome
Alarm rxn, Resistance, Exhaustion
Alarm rxn stage
Body prepares for defense needs by turning glycogen stores into glucose for food
Resistance stage
Blood is shunted to areas needed for defense. Lungs breath more air and heart beats faster
Exhaustion stage
This happens when person responds negatively to stress and the body stores are therefor depleted
Example of mild anxiety
student studying for an exam
Example of moderate anxiety
a patient nervous about a surgical procedure
Example of severe anxiety
person cant think or reason
Treatment for anxiety disorders
Therapy (Cognitive behavioral therapy), Benzos
Anxiety disorders
OCD, Phobias, panic disorder, PTSD
Positive Reframing
used with anxiety disorders. Turning negative messages into positive ones
Decatastrophizing
used with anxiety disorders. Making the situation more realistic. Example: “Is this really likely?” “Could you survive that?”
Assertiveness training
used with anxiety disorder. Taking control of the situation. Being assertive with yourself
What neurotransmitters play a role in the body’s level of natural anxiety
GABA- antianxiety agent; norepinephrine - increases anxiety
Treatment of choice for elderly who have anxiety
SSRI’s are first choice because they can’t break down benzos as well as a young person
s/s of a panic attack
sweating, tremors, SOB, sense of suffocation, chest pain, nausea, abdominal distress, dizziness, paresthesias, chills or hot flashes
What kind of behavoirs do you see in people with panic disorder?
avoidance behavior (they don’t want people to see them like this so they avoid them) and Primary & Secondary gains. Primary- the relief of anxiety by staying inside to avoid anxiety outside the home, Secondary- the attention received from others
agoraphobia
fear of the market place or going outside
Autoatisms
automatic, unconscious mannerisms, Ex: twisting hair, jingling keys, tapping fingers
Benzodiazepines (anti anxiety)
Diazepam (Valium), Alprazolam (Xanax), Chlordiazepoxide (Librium), Lorazepam (Ativan), Clonazepam (Klonopin) Oxazepam (Serax)
OCD. Obsessions are what? The compulsions are what?
Obsessions are the reoccurring thoughts & the compulsions are the repetitive behaviors
psychosmatic
connection between mind (psyche) and body (soma)
Hysteria
multiple physical complaints with no organic basis
Somatization
transference of mental experiences into body symptoms
Three central features of Somatic Symptom Disorder
Physical complaints, psychological factors, symptoms of magnified health concerns
physical complaints (Somatic Symptom Disorder)
they have symptoms but are unexplained
Psychological factors (Somatic Symptom Disorder)
Dr will say there is nothing wrong with you but patient will not except that
Symptoms of magnified Health Concerns (Somatic Symptom Disorder)
not under patients control
Conversion Disorder
suddden loss in sensory or motor function (blindness or paralysis) & person is la belle indifferen (lack of concern or distress about issue)
Body dysmorphic disorder
exaggerated defect in physical appearance. Ex. Thin person thinks their fat or they get their boobs removed and now they think their ugly
Malingering
person pretends to be sick on purpose. Ex: I have cancer and they really don’t
Factitious disorder (Munchausen syndrome)
cause intentional harm to cause an actual sickness
Munchausen by proxy
causing intentional harm to make someone else sick
Treatment for Somatic and munchausen
antidepressants-SSRIs (Prozac, Paxil, Zoloft)
Treatment for agoraphobia
Xanax or Tofranil
Treatment for social phobia
Zoloft
Treatment for Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Buspirone, SSRI’s
SSRIs
Fluoxetine (Prozec), Citalopram (Celexa), Serraline (Zoloft), Paroxetine (Paxil), Escitalopram (Lexapro)
some SSRI’s end in?
“pram”
Most Benzo’s end in
“pam” except for Alprazolam (Xanax), Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
