Natural products and vitamins Flashcards
which natural agents can increase the risk of bleeding?
gingko biloba vitamin E high doses of fish oils garlic glucosamine graperfruit etc
why does saint john’s wort cause many DDIs?
inducer of CYP3A4
and CYP 2c9
and cyp 1A
which herbal supplements are hepatotoxic?
chaparral
comfrey
kava
natural products used for sleep
melatonin
chamomile tea
st. johns wort (if due to depression)
kava (but damages the liver)
natural products used for ADHD
fish oil supplements +/- primrose oil may be helpful in some patients
natural products used for cholesterol
fish oils
red yeast rice
pant sterols/stanols
natural products used for depression
St. johns wort fish oils 5htp tryptophan glutamine SAMe
natural products used for colds/ flu
echinaceal garlic zinc (caustion loos of smell w/ spray) vitamin C elderberry
natural products used for dementia
ginkgo
vitamin E
acety L carnitine
hyperzine A
natural products used for diabetes
bitter melon
gymnema, cinnamon, chromium
greet tea
alpha lipoic acid
natural products used for energy or weight loss
guarana (caution: caffeine !) bitter orange(caution CVD risk)
natural products used for UTI
cranberry
caution cranberry supplements : kidney stones
how far apart should you space out pro biotics and antibiotics?
2 hours
natural products used for heart health /HF
coenzyme q 10
arginine (avoid w/ BP meds= DDI dec BP)
garlic: mild dec in bp
hawthorne (caution : additive w/ other BP meds
what vitamins are recommended for the general population?
mostly none except vitamine d
what vitamins are recommended for pregnant women?
folic acide and thiamine (vitamin B1 )
what deficiency can metformin lead to ?
vitamin B12
what common deficincy do alcoholics have?
vitamine b1 - can get wernickes encephalopathy
what are sx of wernicke’s encephalopathy
ataxia
tremor
vision changes
how much calcium is recommended for people >50 yo for calcium daily
1200mg (600mg po BID)
recommended daily dose of vitamin D
up to aget 70 600 Iu daily
after that 800 IU daily
what is the preferred form of vitamin D
D3 not D2.. but D2 can be used
how much folic acid should a pregnant women or someone who want to have a baby take?
400-800mcg/day at least 1 month fore pregnancy and coitnue for the first 2-3 months
what is the maximum vitamin E a person should not exceed
150 IU daily because it puts them at risk for CVD disease
which babies require vitamin D supplemenation?
exclusively breastfed or drinking less han 1L of baby formula
give 400IU daily (poly-vi-sol)
which babies require iron supplementation?
breast fed babies need 1mg/kg/day from 4-6 months old until they start eating iron rich foods
what is lycopene used for?
prostate cancer prevention
what is saw palmetto used for?
prostate enlargement
what is melatonin used for?
sleep
jet lag
what are some agents for anxiety?
chamomile Tea
lemon balm
valerian
what is used for canker sores?
lysine
how much plant sterols/stanols are recommended by ATP III?
2 grams daily
what is SAMe used for?
depression
osteoarthritis
