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GlaucomaFC Flashcards

1
Q

AD meaning

A

AD: right ear

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2
Q

AS meaning

A

AS: left ear

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3
Q

AU meaning

A

AU: each ear

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4
Q

OD meaning

A

OD: right eye

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5
Q

OS meaning

A

OS: left eye

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6
Q

OU meaning

A

OU: each eye

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7
Q

Glaucoma definitions

A

eye disease caused by an increase in intraocular pressure

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8
Q

which glaucoma is treated in the hosp vs otc?

A

Angle closure or closed Angle are treated in hospital and is a medical emergency

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9
Q

which glaucoma is treated w/ dropes

A

Open Angle glaucoma is most commonly treated with eye drops

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10
Q

Risk Factors for glaucoma

A

Family history
Increased age
African Americans
Nearsightedness
history of eye surgeries
Diabetes

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11
Q

travatan Z generic and class

A

travoprost prostaglanding analog

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12
Q

lumigan generic and class

A

bimatoprost prostaglandin analog

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13
Q

xalatan

A

latanoprost prostaglanding analog

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14
Q

Drugs that May Increase IOP

A

Cough/cold/motion sickness medications (antihistamines)
Anticholinergics
Chronic corticosteroids
Topiramate

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15
Q

Glaucoma Medication Therapy drug clases

A

Beta blockers (Nonselective)
Prostaglandin analogs
Miotics
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Adrenergics

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16
Q

timoptic generic and class

A

timolol beta blocker

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17
Q

betagan

A

levobunolol beta blocker

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18
Q

ocupress

A

cartelol beta blocker

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19
Q

Optiprandol

A

metopranolol beta blocker

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20
Q

how to beta blockers tx glaucomae

A

Reduce aqueous humor production

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21
Q

se of beta blockers in eye drops

A

SE: burning, stinging or itching, changes in vision, Increased light sensitivity

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22
Q

which pts to avoid beta blockers

A

Avoid in asthma, COPD, Chronic bronchitis, emphysema, advanced cardiac disease

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23
Q

Prostaglandin Analogs names of 3 that treat glaucoma

A

Travoprost (Travatan Z), bimatoprost (Lumigan), latanoprost (Xalatan)

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24
Q

how to prostaglanding analogs work for glaucomae?

A

increase aqueous outflow

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25
Q

when to apply prostaglandin analogs in the eyes

A

Once daily at night (do not administer with contact lenses)

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26
Q

se of prostaglandin analalog

A

SE: increase in brown pigment in the iris and gradual change in eye color, eyelash growth, darkening of skin around eyelash, eye redness, tearing, eye pain, lid crusting

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27
Q

which prostalanding for increasing eyelashes

A

bimatoprost indicated for eyelash growth

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28
Q

which of the three prostalgandin analogs needs to be in the fridge (eyedrops)

A

Store unopened latanoprost bottles in refrigerator

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29
Q

Prostaglandin Analog Counseling Specifics

A

Remove contact lenses (wait 15 minutes after medication to put back in)
increase in brown pigment and gradual changes in eye color, eyelash growth

30
Q

which of the three prostalgandin analogs needs to be in the fridge (eyedrops)

A

latanoprost (Xalatan) must be refrigerated

31
Q

Miotics names of generics

A

Carbachol (Isopto, Miostat), pilocarpine (Isopto, Pilopine)

32
Q

how to miotics work?

A

increase aqueous outflow

33
Q

dosing of miotics ?

A

1 to 2 drops 3x daily carbachol pilocarpin is up to 6x a day

34
Q

who should caution for miotics ?

A

Use caution with history of retinal detachment or corneal abrasion

35
Q

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors used for glaucomea

A

Acetazolamide (Diamox), brinzolamide (Azopt), dorzolamide (Trusopt), dorzolamide/Timolol (Cosopt)

36
Q

dosing of carboinic anhydrase inhibitors for glaucoma

A

Acetazolamide are 250/500 mg caps 1-4x/daily
Azopt, Trusopt are 3x/daily

37
Q

se of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors for glaucoma

A

SE: bitter or unusal taste

38
Q

Adrenergics for glaucoma

A

Apraclonidine (Iopidine), brimonidine (Alphagan P), dipivefrin (Propine)

39
Q

moa adrenergics for glaucoma

A

increase aqueous outflow, Reduce production

40
Q

dosing of lopidine and alphagan eyedrops

A

Iopidine, Alphagan are dosed TID

41
Q

se of adrenergics glaucoma

A

SE: can cause macular edema and eye irriation

42
Q

Patient Counseling (Eye Drops)

A

Wash hands
Shake a few times
Press a finger between your eye and the top of your nose for at least 1 minute
Wait at least 10 minutes to put a second medicine or drop in

43
Q

Agents Known to Cause Vision Changes/Damage

A

Alpha blockers
Amiodarone
Bisphosphonates
Digoxin
Ethambutol, linezolid
Hydroxycholoroquine
Isoniazid
Isotretinoin
Quinolones
Sildenafil
Tamoxifen
Telithromycin
Voriconazole

44
Q

Allergic Conjunctivitis definitiosn

A

Following irritation the eyes can become red, swollen, and itchy

45
Q

what can cause allergic conjunctivitis?

A

Irritant include bacteria, viruses, allergens

46
Q

OTC Medications for Allergic Conjunctivitis names ?

A

Antihistamine/Decongestant: naphazoline/pheniramine (NaphconA, OpconA, VisineA)
Antihistamine: ketotifen (Zaditor, Alaway)

47
Q

Prescription Medications for Allergic Conjunctivitis (antihistaimes, NSAID, mast cell stabilizers, steroids)

A

Antihistamine: levocetirizine (Xyzal), emedastine (Emadine)
NSAID: ketorolac (Acular)
Mast Cell Stabilizer: cromolyn, lodoxamine (Alomide), nedocromil (Alocril), pemirolast (Alamast)
Antihistamine/Mast Cell Stabilizer: azelastine (Optivar), epinastine (Elestat), olopatadine (Patanol)
Steroids: dexamethasone Na+, loteprednol (Alrex, Lotemax), medrysone (HMS Liquifilm), prednisolone
can be caused by medicatons (primarily Anticholinergics or antihistamines), enviromental triggers, or imbalance in tear production

48
Q

Dry Eyes

A

can be caused by medicatons (primarily Anticholinergics or antihistamines), enviromental triggers, or imbalance in tear production

49
Q

tx for dry eyes names of brands

A

Treatment: artificial tears (Systane, Refresh, Clear eyes, Liquifilm)

50
Q

Cyclosporine Emulsion Eye Drops for drey eye

51
Q

dosing of restasis?

A

1 drop to each eye twice daily

52
Q

should a person remove lenses before restasis?

A

do not administer while wearing contacts

53
Q

se of restasis

A

SE (well tolerated): burning, stinging, itching, redness, pain, blurred vision

54
Q

azastie generic eyedrops and sotrage

A

Azithromycin (Azastie): Store in refrigerator

55
Q

vigamox

A

Moxifloxacin (Vigamox)

56
Q

besivance

A

Besifloxacin (Besivance)

57
Q

most common antibiotic eyedrops

A

Tobramycin/dexamethasone

58
Q

ciloxan

A

Ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan)

59
Q

ocuflox

A

Ofloxacin (Ocuflox)

60
Q

garamycin

A

Gentamicin (Garamycin)

61
Q

tobrex

A

Tobramycin (Tobrex)

62
Q

Aurlagan and indication

A

Antipyrine and benzocaine (A/B Otic, Auralgan) Swimmer’s Ear, Otitis Media Pain

63
Q

americaine otic and indication

A

benzocaine (Americaine Otic) Swimmer’s Ear, Otitis Media Pain

64
Q

ciproHC and indication

A

Ciprofloxacin/hydrocortisone (Cipro HC) Swimmer’s Ear, Otitis Media Pain

65
Q

ciprodex and indication

A

Ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone (Ciprodex) Swimmer’s Ear, Otitis Media Pain

66
Q

floxin otic and indication

A

Ciprofloxacin (Floxin Otic) Swimmer’s Ear, Otitis Media Pain

67
Q

cortisporin TC and indication

A

Neomycin/hydrocortisone (CortisporinTC) Swimmer’s Ear, Otitis Media Pain

68
Q

Ear Wax Removal 3 agents generic names

A

Carbamide peroxide (Debrox)
Triethanolamine (Cerumenex)
Antipyrine and benzocaine (Auralgan)

69
Q

cerumenex

A

Triethanolamine (Cerumenex)

70
Q

auralagan

A

Antipyrine and benzocaine (Auralgan)

71
Q

debrox

A

carbamide peroxide

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