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Clinical Neuroscience > Myelin And Glia > Flashcards

Myelin And Glia Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between neurons and Glial cells?

A

Neurons transmit

Glial cells do not transmit

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2
Q

What is the role of a neuron?

A

Receive stimuli and transmit action potentials to other neurons or to effector organ

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3
Q

What are the 5 ways glial cells support and protect neurons?

A

Supporting organ structure

Helping produce CSF

Responding to inflammation and infection

Forming myelin sheath around axons

Providing nutrients

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4
Q

How fast are action potentials conducted?

A

45-120 m/s

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5
Q

Where do oligodendrocytes form myelin at?

A

CNS

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6
Q

Where do Schwann cells form myelin at?

A

PNS

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7
Q

What do myelin sheaths do?

A

Insulate the axons and speed transmission

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8
Q

What is Saltatory conduction?

A

Action potential jumps from node to node

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9
Q

What do the processes of astrocytes cover?

A

Surfaces of neurons, blood vessels, and Pia mater

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10
Q

What are astrocytes part of?

A

Blood brain barrier

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11
Q

What do astrocytes regulate?

A

Extracellular brain fluid composition

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12
Q

What is an astrocyte?

A

Glial cell of the CNS

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13
Q

What is an ependymal cell?

A

Glial cell of CNS

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14
Q

What do the ependymal cells line?

A

Ventricles of the brain and central canal of spinal cord

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15
Q

What do ependymal cells form?

A

Choroid plexuses

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16
Q

What do choroid plexuses do?

A

Secrete CSF (cilia help move fluid)

17
Q

What is a microglia?

A

Glial cell of CNS

18
Q

What does a microglia do?

A

CNS specific immune cell (phagocytic invaders of CNS like infection)

19
Q

What is an oligodendrocyte?

A

Glial cell of CNS

20
Q

What do the extensions of oligodendrocytes form?

A

Part of the myelin sheaths of several axons within the CNS

21
Q

How many axons can 1 oligodendrocyte form myelin sheath over?

A

Multiple

22
Q

How many axons can 1 Schwann cell form myelin sheath over?

A

1 axon

23
Q

What are the glial cells of the PNS?

A

Schwann cells

Satellite cells

24
Q

What do satellite cells surround?

A

Neuron cell bodies in sensory/autonomic ganglia (to protect)

Clinical Neuroscience (31 decks)

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