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Clinical Neuroscience > Cranial Nerves (2) > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves (2) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of CN 1?

A

Smell

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2
Q

What happens if there is a lesion to CN 1?

A

Inability to smell (anosmia)

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3
Q

How is CN 1 tested?

A

Patient identifies smell using one nostril while other is held closed

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4
Q

What is the function of CN 2?

A

Vision

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5
Q

What happens if there is a lesion to CN 2?

A

Vision loss

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6
Q

How is CN 2 tested?

A

Acuity test (eye chart)

Peripheral vision

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7
Q

What is the function of CN 3?

A

Motor for SR, IR, MR, and IO

Efferents for vestibulo-ocular reflex

PSNS- sphincter of pupil, ciliary muscle of lens, and efferent for pupillary and accommodation reflexes

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8
Q

What happens with a lesion to CN 3?

A

Unable to move eye up, down, and medial

Ptosis

Nystagmus

Pupil dilation

Blurred vision due to loss of accommodation

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9
Q

What is the function of CN 4?

A

Motor to SO

Efferents for vestibulo-ocular reflex

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10
Q

What happens if there is a lesion to CN 4?

A

Difficulty moving eye inferior and medial

Diplopia

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11
Q

What is the function of CN 5?

A

Sensory- Somatosensation from the face and TMJ (afferents for corneal reflex)

Motor- muscles of mastication

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12
Q

What happens if there is a lesion to CN 5?

A

Trigeminal neuralgia

Loss of tactile sensation in face

Weakness in biting

Jaw jerk reflex (UMN lesion)

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13
Q

What is testing for CN 5?

A

MMT for closing mouth (will decide towards weak side)

Palpate temporalis and masseter during AROM

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14
Q

What is the function of CN 6?

A

Motor to LR

Efferents for vestibulo-ocular reflex

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15
Q

What happens if there is a lesion to CN 6?

A

Eye deviates medially

Diplopia

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16
Q

What is the function of CN 7?

A

Sensory- taste anterior 2/3 of tongue

Motor- muscles of facial expression

PSNS- submandibular, sublingual, and lacrimal glands

17
Q

What happens if there is a lesion to CN 7?

A

Loss of taste on anterior 2/3 of tongue

Facial palsy

Decreased salivation/tear production

18
Q

How do you test for CN 7?

A

If it’s a UMN (corticobrainstem) problem you get contralateral paresis of lower face

If it’s a CN problem you get ipsilateral paralysis of entire face

(Raise eyebrows, close eyes, pucker lips, puff cheeks)

19
Q

What is the function of CN 8?

A

Sensory- hearing and balance

20
Q

What happens if there is a lesion to CN 8?

A

Loss of hearing and balance

Nausea

Vertigo

21
Q

What is the function of CN 9?

A

Sensory- pharynx, larynx, middle ear, and taste on posterior 1/3 of tongue (afferent for gag reflex)

Motor- pharyngeal muscles

PSNS- parotid gland

Visceral afferents- carotid body and carotid sinus

22
Q

What happens if there is a lesion to CN 9?

A

Loss of gag reflex

Difficulty swallowing

Decreased salivation

Decreased regulation of HR

23
Q

What if the function of CN 10?

A

Sensory- pharynx, larynx, skin of external ear

Motor- muscles of pharynx and larynx

PSNS- efferents to smooth muscles and glands in pharynx and larynx

Visceral afferents- pharynx, larynx, thorax, and abdomen

24
Q

What happens if there is a lesion to CN 10?

A

Difficulty swallowing

Uvula deviates away from side of dysfunction

25
Q

What is the function of CN 11?

A

Motor to SCM and trap

26
Q

What is the function of CN 12?

A

Motor to tongue muscles and throat muscles

27
Q

What happens if there is a lesion to CN 12?

A

Tongue deviates toward side of lesion

28
Q

How is CN 3 tested?

A

Pupillary light reflex (pupils constrict on both sides when a light is directed into one of them)

29
Q

How do you test CN 4?

A

Bring pen towards face until vision is blurred

30
Q

How do you test for CN 6?

A

H-test

31
Q

How do you test CN 8?

A

Rub fingers together near ear and have patient point to side of sound being heard

32
Q

How do you test CN 9, 10, and 12?

A

Stick tongue out and say ahhhh (looking for elevation of soft palate)

Clinical Neuroscience (31 decks)

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