Diencephalon (2) Flashcards
What 4 structures make up the diencephalon?
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus
Subthalamus
Where do all pathways projecting to the cerebral cortex synapse at?
Thalamus
Thalamic nuclei process information from where?
Basal ganglia
Cerebellum
Limbic pathways
Brainstem reticular formation
What 3 groups is the thalamus divided into?
Relay nuclei
Associated nuclei
Nonspecific nuclei
What divides the thalamus into 3 groups?
Internal medullary lamina
What is apart of the relay nuclei?
Motor and sensory
What is in the motor portion of the relay nuclei?
Ventral anterior
Ventral lateral
What is in the sensory portion of the relay nuclei?
VPL
VPM
Medial geniculate
Lateral geniculate
What is the function of the association nuclei?
Process emotional and memory info
What is part of the association nuclei?
Declarative memory
Sensory integration
Emotion
What is the function of non specific nuclei?
Receive multiple types of info and are important in consciousness and awareness
What are part of the non specific nuclei?
Intralaminar
Reticular
What type of nuclei make up most of the thalamus?
Relay nuclei
What is visual information relayed through?
LGN
What is auditory information relayed through?
MGN
What do motor, premotor, and supplementary motor cortex project through?
Ventral lateral
What do motor planning areas project through?
Ventral anterior
What does the hypothalamus have connections with?
Limbic system
Pituitary
Spinal cord
Brainstem
What are the functions of the hypothalamus?
Homeostasis
Eating, reproductive, and defensive behaviors
Emotional expression
Circadian rhythm
Endocrine (growth and metabolism)
What is the function of the epithalamus?
Emotional and visceral responses to smell
What is the habenula?
Part in epithalamus that responds to odors
What is the function of the pineal gland?
Sleepiness, biological clock, and onset of puberty
What is the function of the Subthalamus?
Controlling motor function (has ascending and descending tracts)
