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Bacteriology > Mycoplasma > Flashcards

Mycoplasma Flashcards

1
Q

Media required for mycoplasma spp

A

soft agar with 20% serum + antibiotics

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2
Q

Do mycoplasma spp stain well with gram stain?

A

no - lack cell wall
also very small

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3
Q

Are mycoplasma spp reistant to penicillin?

A

yes - resistant to antibiotics that affect cell wall

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4
Q

Oxygen requirements for mycoplasma spp

A

facultative anaerobes

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5
Q

Tranmission of mycoplasma spp

A

aerosol
venereal
vertical

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6
Q

Virulence factors of mycoplasma spp

A

capsular material
contractile protein
cytotoxins
endotoxin
metabolic competition
surface antigen variation

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7
Q

Appearance of mycoplasma in culture

A

fried egg appearance

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8
Q

Causative agent of Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP)

A

mycoplasma mycoides subsp mycoides

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9
Q

Where is CBPP endemic?

A

Africa, Asia, Middle East, Mediterranean

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10
Q

Differentials for mycoplasma mycoides subsp mycoides (CBPP)

A

Pasteruella and Mannheimia
hemorrhagic septicemia

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11
Q

Clinical signs of CBPP

A

fever
labored breathering
cough
head extended
mucopurlulant nasal discharge
death 1-3 weeks

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12
Q

CBPP Diagnosis

A

clinical signs
postmortem lesions
FA test on pleural fluid
ELISA
latex agglutination tests

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13
Q

Prevention of CBPP

A

serological testing of cattle before importation
test and claughter
treatment = carriers = not recommended
vaccinate in endemic areas

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14
Q

Causative agent of mycoplasma in sheep and goats

A

mycoplasma agalactiae

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15
Q

Where is m. agalactiae a cause of concern?

A

worldwide distribution
but mostly an issue in Europe

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16
Q

Clinical manifestations of m. agalactiae in sheep and goat

A

severe mastitis
reduced milk production
complete fibrosis
septicemia
death
arithitis in animals that survive and recover

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17
Q

Treatment of mycoplasma in sheep and goats

A

tetracycline

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18
Q

Control of mycoplasma in sheep and goats

A

cull affected animals

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19
Q

Causitive agent of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP)

A

M. capricolum subsp capripneumoniae

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20
Q

Where is CCPP endemic?

A

Africa and Middle East

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21
Q

Clinical signs of CCPP

A

fever
accelerated respiration
coughing
extended neck
continuous salivation
mucopurulent nasal discharge
inability to move
death

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22
Q

Is M. capricolum subsp capripneuomoniae easy to culture?

A

no - difficult to isolate and grow

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23
Q

CCPP diagnosis

A

frozen samples are best
special mycoplasma media used
pleural fluid on filter paper can be sent for PCR
serodiagnosis via latex agglutination tests

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24
Q

Prevention and control of CCPP

A

test and slaughter
endemic regions: vaccines and antibiotics

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25
Q

What antibiotics are used to treat CCPP in endemic areas?

A

tetracyclines
tylosin
tiamulin

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26
Q

What is MAKePS syndrome?

A

disease caused by various mycoplasmas
causes:
mastitis
arthritis
keratitis
pneumonia
septicemia

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27
Q

Treatment for MAKePS

A

tetracycline
but not for mastitis - cull

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28
Q

Causative agent of ovine eperythrozoonosis

A

mycoplasma ovis

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29
Q

Clinical signs of ovine eperythrozoonosis

A

fever
anemia
enlarged soft spleen
death

30
Q

Carriers of mycoplasma ovis

A

ewes
+/- arthropods

31
Q

Diagnosis of ovine eperythrozoonosis

A

blood smear
FA on body fluids

32
Q

Treatment of ovine eperythrozoonosis

A

tetracycline

33
Q

Causative agent of swine mycoplasmoses - enzootic pneumonia

A

M. hyopneumoniae

34
Q

Signs of M. hyopneumoniae

A

coughing
poor growth
postmortem: consolidation of apical, cardiac lobes

35
Q

Diagnosis of m. hyopneumoniae

A

FA on sample
culture

36
Q

Treatment for m. hyopneumoniae

A

tylosin
tiamulin
linocmysin

37
Q

How are the vaccines for m. hyopneumoniae?

A

poor protection

38
Q

Causative agent of chronic polyserositis, arthritis in young pigs

A

M. hyorhinis

39
Q

Clinical signs of M. hyorhinis

A

fever
labored breathing
lamness
swollen joints
postmortem: serofibrinous pleurisy, pericarditis, peritonitis

40
Q

Diagnosis of M. hyorhinis

A

lesions
culture

41
Q

Differentials for M. hyorhinis

A

haemophilus parasuis
streptococcus suis

42
Q

Treatment of M. hyorhinis

A

tylosin or lincomycin early

43
Q

Causative agent of polyarthritis in pigs 10-30 weeks of age

A

M. hyosynoviae

44
Q

Diagnosis of M. hyosynoviae

A

culture ID

45
Q

Prevention of M. hyosynoviae

A

early weaning
prophylatic tylosin in feed

46
Q

Is there a vaccine for M. hyosynoviae?

A

no

47
Q

Diseases caused by M. gallisepticum

A

chronic respiratory illness - chickens
infectious sinusitis - turkeys

48
Q

Signs of chronic respiratory illness

A

nasal discharge
tracheal rales
coughing
sneezing

49
Q

Signs of infectious sinusitis

A

swelling of paranasal sinuses
conjunctivitis
decreased growth
decreased egg production

50
Q

Diagnosis of M. gallisepticum

A

culture
HI on serum

51
Q

Treatment of M. gallisepticum

A

tetracyclines - feed
tylosin - water

52
Q

Prevention of M. gallisepticum

A

developing disease free flocks
dip eggs in tylosin and heat to 46C
vaccines (?)

53
Q

Causative agent of infectious synovitis in poultry

A

M. synoviae

54
Q

Signs of M. synoviae

A

synovitis
arthritis
lameness
respiratory signs

55
Q

Diagnosis of M. synoviae

A

culture
serology

56
Q

Treatment of M. synoviae

A

tetracyline - feed
lincomycin-spectinomysin - water

57
Q

What does M. cynos cause?

A

part of kennel cough complex

58
Q

What does M. canis cause?

A

endometritis
infertility

59
Q

What does ureaplasma species cause?

A

possible infertility (canine)

60
Q

What does M. haemocanis cause?

A

infectious anemia of splenectomized or immunocompromised dogs

61
Q

Diagnosis of canine mycoplasmoses

A

culture: coccoid organisms seen on RBCs
PCR
isolation can be difficult

62
Q

Treatment of canine mycoplasmoses

A

doxycycline for acute cases

63
Q

What does M. felis cause?

A

conjunctivitis - young cats
repiratory disease
arthritis

64
Q

What does M. gatae cause?

A

chronic arthritis/tenosynovitis

65
Q

What does M. haemofelis cause?

A

feline infectious anemia - contagious disease, especially in flea infested free roaming cats

66
Q

Tramission of M . haemofelis

A

bite wounds
vertical

67
Q

Signs of M. haemofelix

A

servere hemolytic anemia
death
chronic, weak carriers

68
Q

Diagnosis of feline mycoplasmoses

A

blood smear FA
PCR
non-culturable

69
Q

Treatment of feline mycoplasmoses

A

tetracyclines
fluoroquinaolones
blood transfusion

70
Q

Do mycoplasmas cause disease in horses?

A

not commonly but can
m. felis
m. equigenitalium

71
Q

Do mycoplasmas cause disease in rodents?

A

yes
m. pulmonis - respiratory disease

Bacteriology (26 decks)

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