Bordetella and Bartonella Flashcards

1
Q

Defining characteristics of Bordetella spp.

A

gram negative rods/coccobacilli
commensals of URT
obligate aerobes
motile

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2
Q

Does Bordetella spp ferment lactose when cultured on MAC?

A

no but it does grow

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3
Q

Virulence factors of Bordetella spp

A

hemagglutination
fimbriae
toxin production

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4
Q

How is Bordetella transmitted?

A

carriers pass the bacteria to naive, young animals

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5
Q

Predisposing factors leading to Bordetella infection

A

stress
crowding
poor ventilation

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6
Q

Toxins produced by Bordetella spp

A

adenylate cyclase hemolysin
tracheal cytotoxin
dermonecrotic toxin

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7
Q

Diseases caused by B. bronchiseptica in different species

A

dogs: acute tracheobronchitis (kennel cough)
pigs: atrophic rhinitis
cats: tracheobronchitis, conjunctivitis, pneumonia
rabbits: snuffles

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8
Q

How is kennel cough described?

A

inflammation of the trachea and bronchi
typically self-limiting disease transmitted by aerosols
can be secondary to viral infections

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9
Q

Clinical sigs of kennel cough

A

coughing 2-3 weeks
vomiting
weight loss

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10
Q

Which form of atrophic rhinitis in swine is caused by B. bronchiseptica?

A

nonprogressive form

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11
Q

Clinical signs of feline broncho-pneumonia caused by B. bronchiseptica

A

cyanosis
death in younger cats

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12
Q

Is there a vaccine available for feline broncho-pneumonia?

A

yes
intra-nasal live vaccine

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13
Q

Disease caused by B. avium

A

coryza in turkeys, quail and chickens

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14
Q

Clinical signs of B. avium

A

ocular and nasal discharge
conjuctivitis

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15
Q

Morbitity of B. avium in young turkeys

A

80-100%

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16
Q

What type of selective medium can be used to culture and isolate Bordetella?

A

Smith-Baskerville medium
or add antibiotics to blood agar

17
Q

Are Bordetella spp oxidase, catalase, citrate, and urease positive?

A

oxidase pos
catalase pos
citrate pos
urease pos - B. avium is urease neg

18
Q

Can radiographs be used to diagnose Boredetella infections?

A

yes

19
Q

Treatment of kennel cough in dogs?

A

antibiotics: TMS, tetracycline or enrofloxacin

20
Q

Treatment of atrophic rhinitis in pigs

A

antibiotics
medicated feed for pigs

21
Q

Is antibiotic treatment effective for treating Coryza in turkeys?

A

usually not effective

22
Q

Is there a vaccine available for Bordetella in dogs?

A

yes
live intranasal and IM vaccines

23
Q

Is there a vaccine available for bordetella in turkeys?

A

yes - available for turkeys older than 3 weeks

24
Q

Treatment and control of coryza in turkeys

A

control respiratory stressors
chlorination of drinking water
tetracycline can be used but not very effective

25
Q

General characteristics of Bartonella spp

A

gram neg
slow growing
facultative intraceullar pathogen

26
Q

How is Bartonella transmitted?

A

transmitted via arthropods
fleas, body lice, sand flies, ticks

27
Q

Pathogenesis of Bartonella

A

infect erythorcytes, endothelial cells and macrophages
characterized by an intraerythrocytic bacteremia

28
Q

Cat scratch disease is caused by

A

Bartonella henselae

29
Q

Carrion’s disease is caused by

A

Bartonella bacilliformis - sand flies

30
Q

Trench fever is caused by

A

Bartonella quintana - body lice

31
Q

Clinical signs of cat scratch disease

A

lymohadenitis
fever
meningitis
polyarthritis

32
Q

Do cats typically show signs of being infected by Bartonella henselae?

A

NO

33
Q

Diagnosis of Bartonella

A

culture, PCR, immunofluorescence antibody testing