Mussilini's Foreign policies

Question 1

Causes of Italian Expansion?

Answer 1

• Long term weakness of Italy’snliberal democracy
• Impact of ww1 and treaty of versailles
• Fiume affair
• Appeal of fascist ideology
• Post - war economic problems
• Bolshevik revolution of 1917
• March on Rome

Question 2

Mussolini’s four policy Aims?

Answer 2

1. Mussolini wanted Roman empire in mediterranean
2. Successful foreign policy could distract from Italians domestic problems
3. Mussolini disappointed with small territorial guns
   4.

Question 3

Mussoloni’s methods used in 1920s?

Answer 3

Tried to achieve foreign policy Aims by diplomacy more cautiously than 30s

Question 4

What is the corfu incident in Greece?

Answer 4

When multiple Italian officials were situated in corfu got assassinated while investigating

Question 5

When was the pact of Rome signed between Italy and Yugoslavia?

Answer 5

1924
- Italy got long disputed town fiume

Question 6

When was the locorno treaty signed?

Answer 6

1925

Question 7

What did Mussolini think he needed to do in order to reverse the TOV?

Answer 7

Improve relations w/Britain and France

Question 8

When was Kellogg briand pact signed?

Answer 8

1928

Question 9

Why was the Kellogg briand pact signed?

Answer 9

To promote peace and prevent war
- To eliminate war as a method of fprign policy

Question 10

When did Mussolini gain control over Albania’s economy?

Answer 10

1925

Question 11

When did Albania sign w/Yugoslavia and greece?

Answer 11

1934

Question 12

When did Italy invade Albania?

Answer 12

7 April 1939
- Deposing king zog after he fled

Question 13

How did il duce humilate Hitler in his speech?

Answer 13

By insisting Germany should join Italy in respecting Austria’s sovereignty

Question 14

Hitler’s July 25 1934 coup?

Answer 14

Assassinated Engelbert Dollfuss, Austrian chanclelor
- 100 killed, 200+ Injured

Question 15

How did Mussolini respond to Hitler’s coup?

Answer 15

Dispatched over 75K Italian troops to Brenner pass

Question 16

What did historians AJP Taylor and Denis Mack Smith suggest?

Answer 16

Suggested that Mussolini’s foreign policy was improvised and his motivation was not ideologically motivated nor coherent

Question 17

When was stressa front?

Answer 17

14 April 1935

Question 18

What is the Stressa front?

Answer 18

Coalition of France, Britain, and Italy to oppose hitler’s announced intention to rearm Germany
- Violated TOV terms
- Union dissolved after Britain signed Anglo - German naval agreements

Question 19

When was Abyssinia invaded?

Answer 19

1935
- Mussolini used border conflicts in 1934 to provoke war

Question 20

What did the Abyssinia invasion cause?

Answer 20

To break down stressa for good 2 months after

Question 21

What went down in 1936?

Answer 21

1. Rome - Berlin axis (pact w/ Hitler)
2. Involvement in Spanish civil war
3. Munich conference
4. Pact of steel (Between Italy and Germany = Have to support each others military during war

Question 22

Italy’s involvement in spanish civil war?

Answer 22

Supported national cause against Spanish Republic supplying them w/ soldiers and weapons

Question 23

Who won in 1939 Spanish civil war?

Answer 23

The nationalists

Question 24

What did Mussolini’s regime survive?

Answer 24

The great depression

Question 25

What did Historians Giorgio Rochat and salvemini argue?

Answer 25

That Mussolini’s invasion of abyssinia was an attempt to distract from Italy’s economic problems

Question 26

Successes of Mussolini’s foreign policies?

Answer 26

1923 - Greece’s corfu = Boosted his image
1924 - Pact of Rome town Fiume
1926-27 - Success in Albania
1934 - Success in preventing Hitler from invading Austria

Question 27

Failures of Mussolini’s foreign policies?

Answer 27

Didn’t remove humiliation of TOV
1935 - Abbyssinia
- Huge cost for Italy
- No economic gains for Italy
1938 - Munich conference

Question 28

Impact of Mussolini’s policies on Italy?

Answer 28

• Failure to increase his power
• WW2 brought Fascism to an end
• Expanded his empire in Africa by Abbyssinia