Mussilini's Foreign policies Flashcards
Causes of Italian Expansion?
- Long term weakness of Italy’snliberal democracy
- Impact of ww1 and treaty of versailles
- Fiume affair
- Appeal of fascist ideology
- Post - war economic problems
- Bolshevik revolution of 1917
- March on Rome
Mussolini’s four policy Aims?
- Mussolini wanted Roman empire in mediterranean
- Successful foreign policy could distract from Italians domestic problems
- Mussolini disappointed with small territorial guns
4.
Mussoloni’s methods used in 1920s?
Tried to achieve foreign policy Aims by diplomacy more cautiously than 30s
What is the corfu incident in Greece?
When multiple Italian officials were situated in corfu got assassinated while investigating
When was the pact of Rome signed between Italy and Yugoslavia?
1924
- Italy got long disputed town fiume
When was the locorno treaty signed?
1925
What did Mussolini think he needed to do in order to reverse the TOV?
Improve relations w/Britain and France
When was Kellogg briand pact signed?
1928
Why was the Kellogg briand pact signed?
To promote peace and prevent war
- To eliminate war as a method of fprign policy
When did Mussolini gain control over Albania’s economy?
1925
When did Albania sign w/Yugoslavia and greece?
1934
When did Italy invade Albania?
7 April 1939
- Deposing king zog after he fled
How did il duce humilate Hitler in his speech?
By insisting Germany should join Italy in respecting Austria’s sovereignty
Hitler’s July 25 1934 coup?
Assassinated Engelbert Dollfuss, Austrian chanclelor
- 100 killed, 200+ Injured
How did Mussolini respond to Hitler’s coup?
Dispatched over 75K Italian troops to Brenner pass
What did historians AJP Taylor and Denis Mack Smith suggest?
Suggested that Mussolini’s foreign policy was improvised and his motivation was not ideologically motivated nor coherent
When was stressa front?
14 April 1935
What is the Stressa front?
Coalition of France, Britain, and Italy to oppose hitler’s announced intention to rearm Germany
- Violated TOV terms
- Union dissolved after Britain signed Anglo - German naval agreements
When was Abyssinia invaded?
1935
- Mussolini used border conflicts in 1934 to provoke war
What did the Abyssinia invasion cause?
To break down stressa for good 2 months after
What went down in 1936?
- Rome - Berlin axis (pact w/ Hitler)
- Involvement in Spanish civil war
- Munich conference
- Pact of steel (Between Italy and Germany = Have to support each others military during war
Italy’s involvement in spanish civil war?
Supported national cause against Spanish Republic supplying them w/ soldiers and weapons
Who won in 1939 Spanish civil war?
The nationalists
What did Mussolini’s regime survive?
The great depression
What did Historians Giorgio Rochat and salvemini argue?
That Mussolini’s invasion of abyssinia was an attempt to distract from Italy’s economic problems
Successes of Mussolini’s foreign policies?
1923 - Greece’s corfu = Boosted his image
1924 - Pact of Rome town Fiume
1926-27 - Success in Albania
1934 - Success in preventing Hitler from invading Austria
Failures of Mussolini’s foreign policies?
Didn’t remove humiliation of TOV
1935 - Abbyssinia
- Huge cost for Italy
- No economic gains for Italy
1938 - Munich conference
Impact of Mussolini’s policies on Italy?
- Failure to increase his power
- WW2 brought Fascism to an end
- Expanded his empire in Africa by Abbyssinia
