Aftermath of 1905 Russian Revolution Flashcards
Stolypin’s aims for agriculture reform?
- Transform traditional agriculture
- Abolish communal system
- Aimed to create new class of prosperous peasants
Stolypin’s quote on prosperous peasants
” Wager on strong and the sober”
Modernization rates of Russia, Britain, and Germany
Russia only had 30% in production from industry
- Britain = 75%
- Germany = 70%
Population of peasants and other classes of people?
82% = Peasants
12% = Upper class
4% = Working
2% = Commercial
How would change have to be made?
Via agriculture reforms
- Tsar’s modernization w/out revolution
What is the First Duma also known as?
Duma of lords and lackeys
Date of first Duma?
Apr - July of 1906
What did the Tsar issue in April of 1906?
Fundamental laws
What were the fundamental laws?
- Ministers are set and dismissed by Tsar
- Tsar had the right to govern my decree
- He could deprive Duma of political power
What were the problems of the first Duma?
- Elections were boycotted by radical socialist parties ( except the mensheviks)
- The Kadets (constitutional democratic party) dominated the assembly and made radical demands
What were the radical demands made by the Kadets?
- Transferring all agriculture land to peasants
- Further constitutional changes
What was the Tsar’s response to the Kadet’s radical demands?
He refused
what were the Kadets also known as?
Constitutional democratise/ constitutional democrats
Who were the Kadets?
Liberal political in Russian empire that included constitutional monarchists and moderate republicans
- Previously, party of people’s freedom
Peasant disturbances?
Increased and impacted 20% of the army b/c over 200 mutinies in it
How long did the first Duma last?
73 days
- Very short b/c Tsar did not like how it was going + had no real political power
Who was wittes replacement?
Pyotr Stolypin as chairman of council of ministers
What was the second Duma known as?
The Duma of National anger
Second Duma date
Feb - June 1907
Who chose to participate in second Duma?
Bolsheviks and social revolutionaries
Why did Kadets loose power to vote?
B/c of failed protest in Vyborg which reduced the size of moderate - liberal centre
How did Stolypin try to win Duma’s support for agriculture reform?
Passed legislation under article 87
- Duma refused to ratify the new laws and was dissolved
How did the government respond to Stolpin’s attemps to win over 2nd Duma?
Responded by new electrical laws under article 87
- Favouring land owners and peasantry of urban workers
- According to fundamental laws this is illegal
What was the third Duma also known as?
Manageable Duma
Date of third Duma
Nov 1907 - June 1912
What did the new law of the third Duma result in?
Manageable Duma dominated by moderate octobirsts
What is the union of oct 17?
A liberal reformist constitutional monarchist political party
What was the union of act 17 also known as?
Octobrist party
What did union act of 17 represent?
Moderately right-wing, anti-revolutionary and constitutional views
Why did Tsar nich suspend third Duma?
to pass laws by article 87
- Duma musn’t be present when laws are being passed down
When and where was Stolypin assassinated?
6 September 1911 at keiv opera house
What did Stolypin’s deathh result in
End to reform and a return to reaction
Date of fourth Duma
Nov 1912 - February 1917
What happened due to 4th Duma division?
Made group ineffective
What did 4th Duma do when told to disband?
Refused to disband during Feb crisis (26Feb17) and continued to meet as provinvial government w/ forced abdication of tsar
