MUSCULOSKELETAL PATHOLOGY - 3 Flashcards

Covers Traumatic & mechanical injuries, Infectious Bone Pathology

1
Q

List 2 tumors that may develop in the sinus tracts of long standing chronic osteomyelitis

A

squamous cell carcinoma in the draining sinus tracts

sarcoma in the infected bone.

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2
Q

What’s your diagnosis?

History of prolonged steroid therapy

pain that was initially associated only with activity but has now become constant

A

Subchondral bone infarct due to avascular bone necrosis

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3
Q

Overuse injury

presents in young, female athletes as anterior knee pain.

Exacerbated by prolonged sitting or weight-bearing on a flexed knee

A

Patellofemoral Syndrome

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4
Q

the hole formed in the bone during the formation of a draining sinus

A

Cloaca

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5
Q

What’s your diagnosis?

localized pain over bone (spine)

compression fracture/neurologic deficit

low-grade fevers, chills, weight loss

Bone biopsy shows granulomas with caseous necrosis

A

Tuberculous spondylitis (Pott disease)

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6
Q

One important complication of TB osteomyelitis presenting as :

Fever, back/flank pain, inguinal mass, difficulty walking

Pain referred to hip or knee

Pain exacerbated with hip extension

A

Psoas abscess

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7
Q

List few causes for avascular bone necrosis

A

Alcohol abuse

Corticosteroid therapy

Trauma

Sickle cell crisis

Bisphophonate therapy

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8
Q

Organisms causing osteomyelitis in individuals with genitourinary tract infections or who are intravenous drug abusers.

A

Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas, and Klebsiella

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9
Q

Morphologic finding in bone infarct

A

empty lacunae surrounded by necrotic adipocytes

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10
Q

most commonly seen in adolescent obese males

African-American males aged 10-16 years

Antalgic gait

Pain in the groin/ thigh

see attached radiograph

A

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis

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11
Q

What is the morphologic finding associated with the condition described below?

formation of reactive bone in muscle after trauma, burns, or surgery

A

bone spicule formation

(The condition described in Myositis ossificans)

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12
Q

lesion in which periosteal new bone formation forms a sheath around the necrotic sequestrum

A

Involucrum

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13
Q

Identify the condition and state what’s the most likely cause.

4-8 year old child

Insidious onset of hip pain

May cause child to limp

loss of internal rotation and abduction of hip joint

A

The condition is Legg Calve Perthes disease

The most likely cause is idiopathic avascular necrosis of the proximal femoral epiphysis

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14
Q

Most common organism implicated in osteomyelitis

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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15
Q

11-15 year old child

physically active

pain on anterior aspect of knee exacerbated by squatting

tenderness over tibial tubercle

A

Osgood-Schlatter disease (traction apophysitis)

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16
Q

Identify the structure indicated in the attached image

A

Sequestrum

17
Q

List the 5 Ps of compartment syndrome

A

Pain, Pallor, Paresthesias, Pulselessness, Paralysis

18
Q

The first event in fracture healing

A

Hematoma

19
Q

List 4 complications of a fracture

A
  1. Compartment syndrome - Ps: Pain, Pallor, Paresthesias, Pulselessness, Paralysis.
  2. Myositis ossificans (mesenchymal metaplasia- bone in muscle)*
  3. Fat embolism (long bone)
  4. Infection
20
Q

Pediatric fracture wherein the convex surface is fractured while the concave surface of the bent bone remains intact.

A

Greenstick fracture

21
Q

fragment of necrotic bone that is embedded in the pus in a focus of osteomyelitis

A

Sequestrum

22
Q

Organism specifically associated with osteomyelitis in sickle cell disease

A

Salmonella

23
Q

Classic clinical presentation of osteomyelitis

A

malaise, fever, chills, leukocytosis, and marked-to-intense throbbing pain over the affected region

24
Q

Identify the structure indicated in the image

A

Involucrum

25
Q

Radiograph finding in osteomyelitis

A

lytic focus of bone destruction surrounded by a zone of sclerosis

26
Q

Organisms causing osteomyelitis in neonates

A

Haemophilus influenzae and group B streptococci

27
Q

Pediatric fracture wherein the Convex side(tension side) remains intact

A

Torus (Buckle) Fracture