Muscular System Flashcards
Describe muscular system
- Composed of many voluntarily muscles
- Some musles function to stabalize bones
Fasicle Arrangement
Fasicles are bundles of fibers
All fibers run parallel
1. Circular (fasicles are circular)
2. Convergent ( spread over area, pec)
3. Parallel (sartoris)
4. Unipennuate ( one side of tendon) ( exten dig)
5. Bipennate( rectus fermoris)
6. Funisform ( bicep branchi)
7. Multipennate( deltoid)
Prime Mover and Antagonist
Prime Mover (agnoist) contracts and shorterns during movement
Antagonist: relaxes and strenches
bicep and tricep
Synergists
Contract and stablize intermediate joints to prevent unwanted movements and aid movement of agonist. ( muscles in wrist for fingers)
Fixators
Stablize the prime mover so it acts efficiently
( deltoid contraction, pectorialis, minor)
Compartments
Group of muscles, associated blood vessles and nerves have common function ( arm flexors)
Group to have same function
IM Injection
An injection which pentrates skin and subcuntaenous layer to enter muscle.
Glutues medium, vastus laterialis
Promote aborsption
Bell’s palsy
- Causes unilateral paralysis of facial experssion mucles
- Due to damage to cranial nerve VII
- Inflammation of nereve, infection
Strabismus
- eye not aligned poperly
- Birth injuries, poor attachment of muslces: Occulormotor nerve (lateral) and Abducens muscle (medial)
Dyshagia
- Diffculty swallowing
- stroke, infetion, injury to head, neck, chest
Ingunial Hernia
- A hernia is a protursion of organ through rupture of structure
- A ingunial hernia occurs with sepreation of inguinal area resulting in small intestine protusion
- Put back and repair
Levator ani and Urniary stress Incontinence
- During chidlbrith the leavtor ani muscle supports head of baby
- Muscle may be injuried during process
- Results in urinary stress incont. or leaing of urine with pressure.
Rotator Cuff Injury
- Strain or tear in rotator cuff’s
- Due to movements of cirmumduction
- Overstress injury can occur with tearing of supraspinatus tendon or cuff
- Tendon is prine due to location between head and arominon ( compression)
Carpal tunnel Syndorme
- Occur when median nereve becomes damaged or compressed
- Pain weakness
- Caused by inflam of tendon sheath, fluid retention, infection, trauma
- treated by wrist splint, cuttin tranverse carapl ligament to relieve pressure
Groin Pull
- 5 muscles that adduct the thigh
- Rupture/ tear in any muscle can cause
- Pain, swelling
- PRICE treatment
Pulled Hamstring
- strain or parital tear in one or more hamstring muscle
- Bursing, sharp pain, ruputure vessles, adaquete - -
- training can preventand keeping muscular balance between hams and quads
Shin Splints
- pain along tibia
- Occurs with poorly conditioned runners
Causes: **Tendonitis of the anterior compartment muscles ( tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus) ** - Inflammation of periostenum
Stress fractures of tibia
Prevention: strength training to balance front/back muscle compartments
Plantar Fascitis
- painful heal syndome
- Inflammation due to irration of plantar aponeurosis
- Bear weighted, unvene gait, bad shoes
- Trearment: strenches, ice
Charley Horse
- crampness of muscles due to tearing
- Occur Quadricpes
Compartment Syndome
- internal/external pressure constricts the structure blood flow ( pain, paralysis, burning, pressure)
- Common causes include muscle strain, crushing
Fasciotomy
- one treatment option where musle facia is cut to relieve pressure.
- Without treatment nerve damage can occur and muscle scar tissue, lead to amputation
Medical terms
Muscle strain: tearing of fibers in mucle or tendon
RSI: conditions resulting of cveruse , repeated movements
Rhado: muscle tumor
Torticollosi: head tilt, shortening of mucle ,
