Muscular System

Question 1

Describe muscular system

Answer 1

• Composed of many voluntarily muscles
• Some musles function to stabalize bones

Question 2

Fasicle Arrangement

Answer 2

Fasicles are bundles of fibers
All fibers run parallel
1. Circular (fasicles are circular)
2. Convergent ( spread over area, pec)
3. Parallel (sartoris)
4. Unipennuate ( one side of tendon) ( exten dig)
5. Bipennate( rectus fermoris)
6. Funisform ( bicep branchi)
7. Multipennate( deltoid)

Question 3

Prime Mover and Antagonist

Answer 3

Prime Mover (agnoist) contracts and shorterns during movement
Antagonist: relaxes and strenches
bicep and tricep

Question 4

Synergists

Answer 4

Contract and stablize intermediate joints to prevent unwanted movements and aid movement of agonist. ( muscles in wrist for fingers)

Question 5

Fixators

Answer 5

Stablize the prime mover so it acts efficiently
( deltoid contraction, pectorialis, minor)

Question 6

Compartments

Answer 6

Group of muscles, associated blood vessles and nerves have common function ( arm flexors)
Group to have same function

Question 7

IM Injection

Answer 7

An injection which pentrates skin and subcuntaenous layer to enter muscle.
Glutues medium, vastus laterialis
Promote aborsption

Question 8

Bell’s palsy

Answer 8

• Causes unilateral paralysis of facial experssion mucles
• Due to damage to cranial nerve VII
• Inflammation of nereve, infection

Question 9

Strabismus

Answer 9

• eye not aligned poperly
• Birth injuries, poor attachment of muslces: Occulormotor nerve (lateral) and Abducens muscle (medial)

Question 10

Dyshagia

Answer 10

• Diffculty swallowing
• stroke, infetion, injury to head, neck, chest

Question 11

Ingunial Hernia

Answer 11

• A hernia is a protursion of organ through rupture of structure
• A ingunial hernia occurs with sepreation of inguinal area resulting in small intestine protusion
• Put back and repair

Question 12

Levator ani and Urniary stress Incontinence

Answer 12

• During chidlbrith the leavtor ani muscle supports head of baby
• Muscle may be injuried during process
• Results in urinary stress incont. or leaing of urine with pressure.

Question 13

Rotator Cuff Injury

Answer 13

• Strain or tear in rotator cuff’s
• Due to movements of cirmumduction
• Overstress injury can occur with tearing of supraspinatus tendon or cuff
• Tendon is prine due to location between head and arominon ( compression)

Question 14

Carpal tunnel Syndorme

Answer 14

• Occur when median nereve becomes damaged or compressed
• Pain weakness
• Caused by inflam of tendon sheath, fluid retention, infection, trauma
• treated by wrist splint, cuttin tranverse carapl ligament to relieve pressure

Question 15

Groin Pull

Answer 15

• 5 muscles that adduct the thigh
• Rupture/ tear in any muscle can cause
• Pain, swelling
• PRICE treatment

Question 15

Pulled Hamstring

Answer 15

• strain or parital tear in one or more hamstring muscle
• Bursing, sharp pain, ruputure vessles, adaquete - -
• training can preventand keeping muscular balance between hams and quads

Question 16

Shin Splints

Answer 16

• pain along tibia
• Occurs with poorly conditioned runners
  Causes: Tendonitis of the anterior compartment muscles ( tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus)
  Inflammation of periostenum
  Stress fractures
  Prevention: strength training to balance front/back muscle compartments

Question 17

Plantar Fascitis

Answer 17

• painful heal syndome
• Inflammation due to irration of plantar aponeurosis
• Bear weighted, unvene gait, bad shoes
• Trearment: strenches, ice

Question 18

Charley Horse

Answer 18

• crampness of muscles due to tearing

Question 19

Compartment Syndome

Answer 19

• internal/external pressure constricts the structure blood flow ( pain, paralysis, burning)
• Common causes include muscle strain, crushing

Question 20

Fasciotomy

Answer 20

• one treatment option where musle facia is cut to relieve pressure.