MuscSkCT - FA Pharm p474 - 476 Flashcards
Anti inflammatory agents blocks an enzyme that converts ———-to arachidonic acid
phospho - lipids
which drug does not participate in the corrosive effect of G.I Lining.
celecoxib (COX2 only)
what is the MOA of Aspirin?
Irreversible blockers of Cox 1 & 2
List 5 reversible blockers of COX 1 & 2
diclofenac, ibuprofen, indomethacin, ketorolac Naproxen
what drug blocks 5 Lipoxygenase
ZIleuton
list two drugs that block leukotrienes receptors
montelukast zafrilukast
List the chemotaxic agents
LTB4, IL8, C5a, bacteria cell wall
what leukotrienes increase bronchial tone
LTC4, D4 & E4
what drug is an analog PGI2
Epoprostenol
what are the functions of prostacyclins
Inhibit platelet aggregation & decrease vascular tone & promote vasodilation
Prostaglandin E1 function and what drug is associated with it
dec vascular tone (ALoprostadil)
what drug increase uterine tone
Dinoprostone (PGE2) Carboprost (PGF2alpha)
two function of thromboxane
inc platelet aggregation inc vascular tone
what is the function of alprostadil?
dec vascular tone
Acetaminophen MOA?
reversible inhibit cycloxygenase mostly in CNS
what are the clinical use of Acetaminophen
antipyretic, analgesic & NOT anti-inflammatory
what drug can be substituted in children to prevent Reye Syndrome
Acetaminophen
SE of Aceetaminophen
hepatic necrosis
describe the process of acetaminophen induced hepatic necrosis
NAPQI depletes glutathione and forms toxic tissues byproduct in the liver
what is an antidote for Acetaminophen overdose
N-Acteylcysteine (regenerating glutathione)
what other disease is N-acetylcsteine used to treat and describes its MOA
C.F and weakens mucous plugs
by what process does Aspirin used to inhibit CoX
Covalent Acetylation
inc bleeding time and no effect on PT & PTT is seen in what drug
Aspirin (Effects last until new platelets are produced)
Clopidogrel
what is the function of aspirin at low dose ?
dec platelet aggregation
what is the function of aspirin at medium dose (300- 2400mg/day)
Antipyretic & analgesic
what is the function of aspirin at high dose (2400-4000mg/day)
Anti- Inflammatory
Tinnitus is caused by what anti-inflammatory medication
Aspirin
what drug causes early respiratory alkalosis and late mixed metabolic acidosis-respiratory alkalosis
Aspirin
If a child has Varicella zoster and Influenza B, and is given _______ (drug), it can lead to this ______ side effect
Aspirin, reye’s
by inhibiting COX2 only, then you do not affect what?
Gastric mucosa function (maintenance of this is helped by COX1)
what drug increases the risk of thrombosis and could cause allergy in some patients
celecoxib (Sulfa Allergy)
clinical use of celecoxib
osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis
what drug reversibly blocks prostaglandin synthesis
NSAIDs, acetominophen
what drug closes PDA
(Indomethacin)
what is the role of prostaglandin in the kidneys?
Vasodilator afferent arterioles
What drug has a side effect of renal Ischemia
NSAIDS
MOA of Leflunomide and what part of DNA pathway does it block?
Reversible inhibits dihydro-orotate dehydrogenase blocking pyrimidine synthesis
which drug suppresses T-cell proliferation
Leflunomide
4 SE of Leflunomide
Hepatotoxicity, Teratogenic, diarrhea and HTN
clinical use of Leflunomide
RA, Psoartic arthritis
what drug binds hydroxyapatite in bone
Bisphosphonate
what drug inhibits osteoclastic activity
Bisphosphonate
what medication should the patient be advised to take with water and remain upright for 30 minutes and why?
Bisphosphonates (causing esophagitis)
NSAIDs
Tetracyclins
potassium chloride
ferrous sulfate
what drug causes osteonecrosis of the jaw and atypical stress fractures
Bisphosphonate
List the bisphosphonates
Alendronate, Ibandronate, Risedronate, Zoledronate
what drug causes transient hypercalcemia
teriparatide
a recombinant parathyroid analog given subcutaneously daily
teriparatide (inc osteoblastic activity)
list the drugs that inhibit xanthine oxidase
allopurinol, febuxostat
A recombinant uricase that catalyze metabolism of uric acid to allantoin
Pegloticase - allatoin is more water soluble
what drug inhibit reabsorption of uric acid in PCT
probenecid
list of drugs to treat acute gout?
NSAIDS (indomethacin, naproxen), Steroids, Colchicine
what drug impairs neutrophils chemotaxis and degranulation with a G.I side effect
Colchicine
list the TNF alpha inhibitors use for gout
infliximab, adalimumab, certolizumab, golimumab
what drug do you use to treat tumor Lysis Syndrome?
aggresive hydration, allopurinol, Rasburicase
What is MOA of rasburicase
recombinant Uricase that catalyze metabolism of uric acid to Allantoin
Bonus: what blood drug inhibit microtubule polymerization/ stabilizes microtubules and what disease do they treat and what fungi drug has the same MOA
vincristine (non-Hodgkin), Vinblastine (Hodgkin), - leukemia too, solid tumors
paclitaxel - ovarian and breast carcinoma
Griseofulvin (Antifungi)
what is the MOA of Erlotinib whats the S.E??
EGFR tyrosine kinase Inhibitor used for non small cell lung carcinoma and S.E is rash and photosensitivity
what drug is a mast cell degranulator (-)’r?
cromolyn
what can be used to treat hemorrhagic cystitis from cyclophosphamide toxicity?
N-Acetyl cysteine
what type of COX is found in platelet and G.I
cox 1
If you are on ____ diuretic, avoid NSAIDs. Why?
Loops. Bc Loops (+) PGE release (VD aff art), and NSAIDS would block this effect.
what loop diuretics should be used in a patient with sulfa allergies
Ethacrynic acid
What anti inflammatory drug would be safe in a patient with renal issues, but would cause Steven Johnson?
sulindac
what drug increase osteoblastic activity for osteoporosis
teriparatide
What other drug can be used to prevent and treat osteoporosis
Raloxifene
what is the clinical presentation of Lesch Nyhan syndrome?
HGPRT Hyperuricemia Gout Pissed off retardation dystonia
what is MOA of terbinafine
inhibit squalene epoxidase
Rx vs Sclerostin - used to inc osteoblastic activity
Romosuzumab
