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Step 1 2019 First Aid Flashcards > MuscSkCT - FA Pharm p474 - 476 > Flashcards

MuscSkCT - FA Pharm p474 - 476 Flashcards

1
Q

Anti inflammatory agents blocks an enzyme that converts ———-to arachidonic acid

A

phospho - lipids

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2
Q

which drug does not participate in the corrosive effect of G.I Lining.

A

celecoxib (COX2 only)

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3
Q

what is the MOA of Aspirin?

A

Irreversible blockers of Cox 1 & 2

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4
Q

List 5 reversible blockers of COX 1 & 2

A

diclofenac, ibuprofen, indomethacin, ketorolac Naproxen

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5
Q

what drug blocks 5 Lipoxygenase

A

ZIleuton

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6
Q

list two drugs that block leukotrienes receptors

A

montelukast zafrilukast

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7
Q

List the chemotaxic agents

A

LTB4, IL8, C5a, bacteria cell wall

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8
Q

what leukotrienes increase bronchial tone

A

LTC4, D4 & E4

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9
Q

what drug is an analog PGI2

A

Epoprostenol

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10
Q

what are the functions of prostacyclins

A

Inhibit platelet aggregation & decrease vascular tone & promote vasodilation

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11
Q

Prostaglandin E1 function and what drug is associated with it

A

dec vascular tone (ALoprostadil)

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12
Q

what drug increase uterine tone

A

Dinoprostone (PGE2) Carboprost (PGF2alpha)

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13
Q

two function of thromboxane

A

inc platelet aggregation inc vascular tone

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14
Q

what is the function of alprostadil?

A

dec vascular tone

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15
Q

Acetaminophen MOA?

A

reversible inhibit cycloxygenase mostly in CNS

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16
Q

what are the clinical use of Acetaminophen

A

antipyretic, analgesic & NOT anti-inflammatory

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17
Q

what drug can be substituted in children to prevent Reye Syndrome

A

Acetaminophen

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18
Q

SE of Aceetaminophen

A

hepatic necrosis

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19
Q

describe the process of acetaminophen induced hepatic necrosis

A

NAPQI depletes glutathione and forms toxic tissues byproduct in the liver

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20
Q

what is an antidote for Acetaminophen overdose

A

N-Acteylcysteine (regenerating glutathione)

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21
Q

what other disease is N-acetylcsteine used to treat and describes its MOA

A

C.F and weakens mucous plugs

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22
Q

by what process does Aspirin used to inhibit CoX

A

Covalent Acetylation

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23
Q

inc bleeding time and no effect on PT & PTT is seen in what drug

A

Aspirin (Effects last until new platelets are produced)

Clopidogrel

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24
Q

what is the function of aspirin at low dose ?

A

dec platelet aggregation

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25
Q

what is the function of aspirin at medium dose (300- 2400mg/day)

A

Antipyretic & analgesic

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26
Q

what is the function of aspirin at high dose (2400-4000mg/day)

A

Anti- Inflammatory

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27
Q

Tinnitus is caused by what anti-inflammatory medication

A

Aspirin

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28
Q

what drug causes early respiratory alkalosis and late mixed metabolic acidosis-respiratory alkalosis

A

Aspirin

29
Q

If a child has Varicella zoster and Influenza B, and is given _______ (drug), it can lead to this ______ side effect

A

Aspirin, reye’s

30
Q

by inhibiting COX2 only, then you do not affect what?

A

Gastric mucosa function (maintenance of this is helped by COX1)

31
Q

what drug increases the risk of thrombosis and could cause allergy in some patients

A

celecoxib (Sulfa Allergy)

32
Q

clinical use of celecoxib

A

osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis

33
Q

what drug reversibly blocks prostaglandin synthesis

A

NSAIDs, acetominophen

34
Q

what drug closes PDA

A

(Indomethacin)

35
Q

what is the role of prostaglandin in the kidneys?

A

Vasodilator afferent arterioles

36
Q

What drug has a side effect of renal Ischemia

A

NSAIDS

37
Q

MOA of Leflunomide and what part of DNA pathway does it block?

A

Reversible inhibits dihydro-orotate dehydrogenase blocking pyrimidine synthesis

38
Q

which drug suppresses T-cell proliferation

A

Leflunomide

39
Q

4 SE of Leflunomide

A

Hepatotoxicity, Teratogenic, diarrhea and HTN

40
Q

clinical use of Leflunomide

A

RA, Psoartic arthritis

41
Q

what drug binds hydroxyapatite in bone

A

Bisphosphonate

42
Q

what drug inhibits osteoclastic activity

A

Bisphosphonate

43
Q

what medication should the patient be advised to take with water and remain upright for 30 minutes and why?

A

Bisphosphonates (causing esophagitis)

NSAIDs
Tetracyclins
potassium chloride
ferrous sulfate

44
Q

what drug causes osteonecrosis of the jaw and atypical stress fractures

A

Bisphosphonate

45
Q

List the bisphosphonates

A

Alendronate, Ibandronate, Risedronate, Zoledronate

46
Q

what drug causes transient hypercalcemia

A

teriparatide

47
Q

a recombinant parathyroid analog given subcutaneously daily

A

teriparatide (inc osteoblastic activity)

48
Q

list the drugs that inhibit xanthine oxidase

A

allopurinol, febuxostat

49
Q

A recombinant uricase that catalyze metabolism of uric acid to allantoin

A

Pegloticase - allatoin is more water soluble

50
Q

what drug inhibit reabsorption of uric acid in PCT

A

probenecid

51
Q

list of drugs to treat acute gout?

A

NSAIDS (indomethacin, naproxen), Steroids, Colchicine

52
Q

what drug impairs neutrophils chemotaxis and degranulation with a G.I side effect

A

Colchicine

53
Q

list the TNF alpha inhibitors use for gout

A

infliximab, adalimumab, certolizumab, golimumab

54
Q

what drug do you use to treat tumor Lysis Syndrome?

A

aggresive hydration, allopurinol, Rasburicase

55
Q

What is MOA of rasburicase

A

recombinant Uricase that catalyze metabolism of uric acid to Allantoin

56
Q

Bonus: what blood drug inhibit microtubule polymerization/ stabilizes microtubules and what disease do they treat and what fungi drug has the same MOA

A

vincristine (non-Hodgkin), Vinblastine (Hodgkin), - leukemia too, solid tumors

paclitaxel - ovarian and breast carcinoma

Griseofulvin (Antifungi)

57
Q

what is the MOA of Erlotinib whats the S.E??

A

EGFR tyrosine kinase Inhibitor used for non small cell lung carcinoma and S.E is rash and photosensitivity

58
Q

what drug is a mast cell degranulator (-)’r?

A

cromolyn

59
Q

what can be used to treat hemorrhagic cystitis from cyclophosphamide toxicity?

A

N-Acetyl cysteine

60
Q

what type of COX is found in platelet and G.I

A

cox 1

61
Q

If you are on ____ diuretic, avoid NSAIDs. Why?

A

Loops. Bc Loops (+) PGE release (VD aff art), and NSAIDS would block this effect.

62
Q

what loop diuretics should be used in a patient with sulfa allergies

A

Ethacrynic acid

63
Q

What anti inflammatory drug would be safe in a patient with renal issues, but would cause Steven Johnson?

A

sulindac

64
Q

what drug increase osteoblastic activity for osteoporosis

A

teriparatide

65
Q

What other drug can be used to prevent and treat osteoporosis

A

Raloxifene

66
Q

what is the clinical presentation of Lesch Nyhan syndrome?

A

HGPRT Hyperuricemia Gout Pissed off retardation dystonia

67
Q

what is MOA of terbinafine

A

inhibit squalene epoxidase

68
Q

Rx vs Sclerostin - used to inc osteoblastic activity

A

Romosuzumab

Step 1 2019 First Aid Flashcards (63 decks)

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