Muscles (the upper extremity) Flashcards
Muscles that cross in front of shoulder help w/ shoulder:
Flexion
Muscles that cross over shoulder help w/ shoulder:
Abduction
Muscles of the shoulder girdle will have origins and insertions between:
clavicle, scapula, thorax
- EXCEPT: pec maj. + lat. dorsi
Muscles of the shoulder have origins and insertions between:
clavicle, scapula, humerus
What are the muscles of the ant. shoulder girdle:
- pec minor
- serratus ant.
- subclavius
- pec. major (also a shoulder muscle)
muscles of post. shoulder girdle
- Rhomboideus major
- rhomboideus minor
- levator scapula
- trapezius
- lat dorsi (also a shoulder muscle)
Muscles of the shoulder: superior
Supraspinatus, middle deltoid
Muscles of the shoulder: inferior
teres major, lat dorsi, long head of triceps brachii
Muscles of the shoulder: posterior
post. deltoid, teres minor, infraspinatus
muscles of the shoulder: anterior
pec major, coracobrachialis, subscapularis, ant. deltoid, long head of biceps brachii
Rotator cuff
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
Muscles of the arm:
ant: biceps brachii, brachialis, coracobrachialis
post: triceps brachii
Muscles of forearm proximal vs distal ends
Proximal end: bulky (muscle bellies)
Distal end: Thin (muscle tendons)
Muslces of the forearm (actions)
Anterior: flexors and pronators
Post: extensors and supinators
Muscles of the anterior forearm are innervated by:
median n.
(except flexor carpi ulnaris: ulnar n., and flexor digitorum profundus: median + ulnar n.)
Ant. muscles of forearm: superficial (5)
- pronator teres
- flexor carpi radialis
- palmaris longus
- flexor digitorum superficialis
- flexor carpi ulnaris
Ant. muscles of forearm: deep (3)
- Flexor digitorum profundus
- Flexor pollicis longus
- pronator quadratus
Muscles of post. forearm are innervated by:
radial n.
Action of muscles of post. forearm:
Extensors of wrist + fingers
(Except: brachioradialis (flexor))
Post. muscles of forearm: superficial (6)
- Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
- Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
- Extensor Digitorum
- Extensor Digiti Minimi
- Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
- Anconeus
Post. muscles of forearm (5)
- Extensor Pollicis Longus
- Extensor Pollicis Brevis
- Abductor Pollicis Longus
- Extensor Indicis
- Supinator
What are the muscles around the anatomical snuffbox?
- Extensor Pollicis Longus
- Extensor Pollicis Brevis
- Abductor Pollicis Longus
What are the contents of the anatomical snuffbox?
Radial artery, base of scaphoid b., and trapezium b.
Extrinsic muscles of the hand meaning.
muscles of the forearm that insert in the hand
Intrinsic muscles of the hand meaning.
Muscles that originate and insert within the hand
What are the 3 groups of intrinsic hand muscles?
- Lateral = Thenar eminence
- Medial = Hypothenar eminence
- Palmar aspect = Deep palmar muscles
What are the muscles in the thenar eminence of the hand?
- Abductor pollicis brevis
- Flexor pollicis brevis
- opponens pollicis (transverse and oblique heads)
What is the innervation of the thenar eminence?
median n.
(EXCEPT; adductor pollicis: ulnar n.)
What are the muscles of the hypothenar eminence of the hand?
- Abductor digiti minimi
- Flexor digiti minimi brevis
- Opponens digiti minimi
What is the innervation of the hypothenar eminence?
ulnar n.
What are the muscles of the palm?
- Dorsal interossei
- Palmar interossei
- Lumbricals
What is the innervation of dorsal and palmar interossei?
ulnar n.
Describe dorsal interossei m.
- 4
- originate from both sides of metacarpals
- insert on proximal phalanges 2,3,4
- 1st: dorsal webbing
- abducts fingers
Desbribe palmar interossei m.
- 3
- Originate from medial side of metacarpals
- insert on proximal phalanges 2,4,5
- # 1: not always present (fourth one)
- Adducts fingers
What is the innervation of lumbricals m.
1 and #2: median n.
#3 and #4: ulnar n.
Describe lumbricals m.
- 4
- Orginate on tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
- insert into extensor expansion 2-5
