Intro Directional Terms (lecture 1) Flashcards
definition: Gross Anatomy
That which can be seen with the naked eye
definition: Histology
(microscopic anatomy)
The study of microscopic tissue structures
definition: Embryology
(developmental anatomy)
The science which deals w the origin and development of an individual organism
definition/use: Surface Anatomy
Used in clinical/rehabilitation setting, enables the individual to recognize deep anatomical structures from a superficial setting
definition: Anatomy
Study of structures of the body and their relationships
definition: Physiology
Study of function of the body (at cellular level)
definition: Kinesiology
(applied anatomy or biomechanics)
Study of muscles and body in motion
2 different approaches to Gross Anatomy
Systemic and Regional (relationships between regions/systems is important)
definition: Appendicular Skeleton
upper and lower extremities (limbs), pelvis
definition: Axial Skeleton
head, thorax, vertebral column
Levels of Organization
- Chemical (atoms/molecules)
- Cellular (macromolecules)
- Tissue (Group of similar cells working together)
- Organ (heart, lungs, etc.)
- System (cardiovascular system, skeletal system, etc.)
- Organism (body as a whole)
What needs to be maintained throughout the levels of organization?
Homeostasis
Name the Body Systems
- Skeletal
- Muscular
- Circulatory (Cardiovascular + Lymphatic)
- Endocrine
- Digestive
- Respiratory
- Urinary
- Reproductive (Urogenital)
- Nervous (central + peripheral)
- Integumentary
Name the Body Cavities
Dorsal Cavity:
1. Cranial (Brain and meninges)
2. Vertebral (Spinal cord, Spinal roots)
Ventral Cavity:
3. Thoracic
4. Abdominal
5. Pelvic
What is the Viscera and which body cavities is it located in?
It is all the soft organs of the body.
Contained in Ventral Cavity: Thoracic, Abdominal, and Pelvic.
What is the Anatomical Position? Why is it important?
Standing upright, looking fwd, feet approx shoulder width apart, palms facing fwd
Important: directional terms are in relation to the anatomical position
Name and describe the planes of the body
- Median Plane (Mid-sagittal):
Divides the body into right/left halves
Sagittal and Parasagittal are parallel to the mid-sagittal (not equally divided) - Frontal Plane (Coronal):
Divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions - Transverse Plane (Horizontal):
Divides body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) parts - Oblique Plane:
Divides the cross section at an angle (not a common view)
def: Cranial (relative postion)
(cephalic)
Nearest/towards the head
def: Caudal (relative position)
away from the head (towards tail end)
def: Medial (relative position)
towards mid-sagittal plane
def: Lateral (relative position)
away from mid-sagittal plane
def: Superficial (relative position)
position relative to body surface (towards the surface)
def: Deep (relative position)
position relative to body surface (away from surface)
def: Intermediate (relative position)
btwn 2 structures
