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muscles of the head and neck Flashcards

1
Q

origin and insertion of the temporalis muscle

A

origin - fossa temporalis
insertion - coronoid process and ramus of the mandible

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2
Q

function of temporalis

A

elevate the mandible

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3
Q

origin and insertion of masseter

A

origin - zygomatic bone and arch
insertion - ramus and angle of the mandible

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4
Q

function of masseter

A

elevate the mandible

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5
Q

origin and insertion of upper fibres of buccinator

A

maxilla opposite molar teeth to the upper lip

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6
Q

origina and insertion of the middle fibres of the buccinator muscle

A

origin - pterigomandibular raphe
insertion - decussate before passing to the lips

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7
Q

origin and insertion of the lower fibres of the buccinator

A

origin - mandible opposite molar teeth
insertion - lower lip

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8
Q

action of buccinator

A

prevent accumulation of food in the vestibule of the mouth

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9
Q

origin of superficial part of the medial pterygoid

A
  • tuberosity of the maxilla, pyramidal process of the palatine bone
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10
Q

insertion of the medial pterygoid

A

medial surface of ramus and angle of the mandible

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11
Q

origin of the deep part of the medial pterygoid

A

medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone

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12
Q

action of the bilateral contraction of the medial pterygoid

A

elevate and protrude the mandible

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13
Q

action of the unilateral contraction of the medial pterygoid

A

medial movement, rotation of the mandible

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14
Q

innervation of the medial pterygoid

A

mandibular division of the trigeminal

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15
Q

origin of the superior head of the lateral pterygoid

A

infratemporal crest of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone

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16
Q

origin of the inferior head of the lateral pterygoid

A

lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone

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17
Q

insertion of the superior head of the lateral pterygoid

A

joint capsule of the temperomandibular joint

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18
Q

insertion of the inferior head of the lateral pterygoid

A

pterygoid fovea on the neck of the condyloid process of the mandible

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19
Q

action of bilateral contraction of the lateral pterygoid

A

protrude and depress the mandible
stabilise the condylar head during closure

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20
Q

action of unilateral contraction of the lateral pterygoid

A

medial movement of the mandible

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21
Q

origin of the superficial masseter

A

maxillary process of zygomatic bone, inferior border of the zygomatic arch

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22
Q

origin of the deep masseter

A

deep surface of the zygomatic arch

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23
Q

insertion of the masseter

A

lateral surface of the ramus and angle of the mandible

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24
Q

function of masseter

A

elevate and protrude the mandible

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25
Q

insertion of the temporalis

A

apex and medial surface of the coronoid process of the mandible

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26
Q

action of the anterior temporalis fibres

A

elevate the mandible

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27
Q

action of the posterior temporalis

A

retract the mandible

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28
Q

origin of the zygomaticus major

A

lateral aspect of the zygomatic bone

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29
Q

insertion of the zygomaticus major

A

modiolus, blends with the muscles of the upper lip

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30
Q

function of the zygomaticus major

A

elevate and evert the angle of the mouth

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31
Q

innervation of zygomaticus major

A

buccal and zygomatic branch of the facial nerve

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32
Q

origin of the zygomaticus minor

A

lateral aspect of the zygomatic bone

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33
Q

insertion of the zygomaticus minor

A

blends with the muscle of the upper lip, medial to the zygomaticus major

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34
Q

action of the zygomaticus minor muscle

A

elevate the upper lip
expose the maxillary teeth

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35
Q

innervation of the zygomaticus minor

A

zygomatic and buccal branches of the facial nerve

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36
Q

origin of the orbicularis oris

A

medial aspect of the maxilla and mandible, perioral skin and muscles, modiolus

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37
Q

insertion of the orbicularis oris

A

skin and mucous membrane of the lip

38
Q

action of the orbicularis oris

A

close the mouth, compress and protrude the lips

39
Q

innervation of the orbicularis oris

A

buccal branch of the facial nerve

40
Q

origin of the levator labii superioris

A

zygomatic process of the maxilla and maxillary process of the zygomatic bone

41
Q

insertion of levator labii superioris

A

skin and submucosa of the upper lip

42
Q

action of the levator labii superioris

A

elevate and evert the upper lip, exposing upper teeth and deepening the nasiolabial lines

43
Q

origin of the depressor labii inferioris

A

originates from oblique line of mandible

44
Q

insertion of the depressor labii inferioris

A

skin and submucosa of the upper lip

45
Q

action of the depressor labii inferioris

A

main tractor of the lower lip, pulls it down

46
Q

origin of levator labii superioris alaque nasi

A

upper part of the frontal process of the maxilla

47
Q

insertion of the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi

A

perichondrium and skin over the major alar cartilage of the nose

48
Q

action of the levator labii superioris alaque nasi

A

elevate and evert the upper lip
elevate and deepen the curvature of the nasolabial furrow

49
Q

origin of the mentalis muscle

A

incisive fossa of the mandible

50
Q

insertion of the mentalis muscle

A

descend inferiorly to insert on the skin of the chin at the mentolabial sulcus of the mandible

51
Q

action of the mentalis muscle

A

depress and evert the base of the lower lip
wrinkles on the skin of the chin

52
Q

origin of the risorius

A

arises from several origin points that may include the fascia of the parotid gland, fascia of the masseter and platysma muscles, and the zygomatic arch

53
Q

insertion of the risorius muscle

A

course toward the angles of the mouth, where they blend with other facial muscles to create the modiolus

54
Q

action of risorius

A

pull the angles of the mouth laterally and superiorly to produce a smile

55
Q

origin of the levator anguli oris muscle

A

canine fossa of the maxilla

56
Q

insertion of levator anguli oris

A

attaches to modiolus and blends with several other facial muscles

57
Q

action of the levator anguli oris

A

elevate the angles of the lips, contributing to a smile

58
Q

all muscles involved in smiling

A
  • levator anguli oris
  • risorius
  • zygomaticus major
  • zygomaticus minor
59
Q

origin of depressor anguli oris

A

oblique line and mental tubercle of the mandible

60
Q

attachment of the depressor anguli oris

61
Q

action of the depressor anguli oris

A

depress the angle of the mouth, contributing to feelings of sadness and anger

62
Q

what are the two parts of the nasalis muscle

A

alar and transverse

63
Q

origin of alar nasalis

A

frontal part of the maxilla to the incisive fossa, medially to the transverse nasalis

64
Q

insertion of the alar nasalis

A

skin of the ala

65
Q

origin of the transverse nasalis

A

superolateral to the incisive fossa, laterally to the alar nasalis

66
Q

insertion of the transverse nasalis

A

dorsum of the nose

67
Q

action of nasalis

A

transverse compresses nasal aperture
alar dilates the nostriles

68
Q

procerus origin

A

nasal bone and superior part of the lateral cartilage

69
Q

insertion of procerus

A

extends in a fan like manner to insert on the skin over the glabella and medial ends of the eyebrows

70
Q

action of procerus

A

depress medial ends of the eyebrows and wrinkle skin over glabelle
frowning

71
Q

what are the parts of the orbicularis oculi

A

orbital
palpebral
deep palpebral

72
Q

origin of orbital orbicularis oculi

A

nasal part of the frontal bone, frontal process of the maxilla and the medial palepbral ligament

73
Q

insertion of the orbital orbicularis oculi

A

adjacent soft tissue structure

74
Q

origin of palpebral orbicularis oculi

A

medial palpebral ligament

75
Q

insertion of palpebral orbicularis oculi

A

lateral palpebral ligament

76
Q

which part of the orbicularis oculi is more peripheral

77
Q

which part of the orbicularis oculi is more central

A

the palpebral part

78
Q

action of orbital orbicularis oculi

A

pulls the skin of the forehead and cheek toward the nose
tightly closes the eyes

79
Q

action of palpebral orbicularis oculi

A

close eyes gently during blinking or sleeping

80
Q

corrugator supercilii

A

medial end of the eyebrows
arises from the medial superciliary arch
inserts at the middle eyebrow
helps with frowning

81
Q

occipitofrontalis

A

wide muscle overlying superior scalp, extends from the eyebrows to the occipital bones
consits of epicranial aponeurosis
has a frontal and occipital part

82
Q

function of the frontal occipitofrontalis

A

pull scalp forward and wrinkle the forehead for frowning

83
Q

function of occipital occipitofrontalis

A

retract the scalp

84
Q

describe the platysma

A

sheet like muscle arising from the skin and fascia of the superior thoracic and shoulder regions
can assist in lowering the corners of the mouth and in depressing the mandible for opening the mouth

85
Q

what are the auricular muscles

A

thin, fan shaped muscles
anterior, posterior and superior parts
very small movement of the ear in some people

86
Q

label the facial muscles

87
Q

function of the scalenes

A

flex the neck and assist in inhalation

88
Q

function of levator scapulae

A

elevate the scapula

89
Q

function of splenius capitis

A

extend the neck

90
Q

function of smi spinalis capitis

A

extend the neck

91
Q

what are the suprahyoid muscles

A

digastric
mylohyoid
geniohyoid
stylohyoid

Revision (48 decks)

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