GUMES microbiology

Question 1

what are the virulence factors on bacteria

Answer 1

fimbriae and flagellum

Question 2

what do fimbriae increase

Answer 2

adhesion

Question 3

what do flagellum increase

Answer 3

motility

Question 4

what is an example of bacilli bacteria

Answer 4

e coli

Question 5

what is an example of cocci bacteria

Answer 5

staphylococcus aureus

Question 6

what is an example of spirillus bacteria

Answer 6

helicobacter pylori

Question 7

what does capnophilic bacteria mean

Answer 7

they need carbon dioxide to survive

Question 8

what does facultative bacteria mean

Answer 8

they can survive with or without oxygen

Question 9

what does microaerophilic bacteria mean

Answer 9

they an survive with only a small amount of oxygen

Question 10

what is the gram stain used for

Answer 10

distinguishing between gram positive and gram negative bacteria

Question 11

what makes bacteria gram positive

Answer 11

they have a thick layer of peptidoglycan

Question 12

what are the layers of the outer membrane of gram positive bacteria

Answer 12

plasma membrane
periplasmic space
peptidoglycan

Question 13

what characterises gram negative bacteria

Answer 13

thin layer of peptidoglycan with an outer layer of lipopolysaccharide

Question 14

describe the layers of the outer membrane of gram negative bacteria

Answer 14

plasma membrane
periplasmic space
peptidoglycan
periplasmic space
lipopolysaccharide

Question 15

what causes caries

Answer 15

streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli

Question 16

what causes periodontitis

Answer 16

prevotella intermedia and prophyromonas gingivalis

Question 17

what causes candidiasis

Answer 17

candida albicans

Question 18

what does it mean to say fungi are chemoautotrophs

Answer 18

they make their own energy

Question 19

what are examples of fungi

Answer 19

mold
yeast
mushrooms

Question 20

what is mycology

Answer 20

study of fungi

Question 21

what are medical mycologists

Answer 21

scientists who study fungi

Question 22

what is mycotoxicology2

Answer 22

study of fungal toxins

Question 23

what is mycoses

Answer 23

diseases caused by fungi

Question 24

what causes oral candidiasis

Answer 24

overgrowth of candida albicans

Question 25

how can oral candidiasis be diagnoses

Answer 25

via an oral rinse, biopsy, smear, swab etc

Question 26

how is oral candidiasis treated

Answer 26

topical antifungal like nystatin

Question 27

what are the dental implications of prions

Answer 27

they can be transmitted through instruments