GUMES microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

what are the virulence factors on bacteria

A

fimbriae and flagellum

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2
Q

what do fimbriae increase

A

adhesion

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3
Q

what do flagellum increase

A

motility

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4
Q

what is an example of bacilli bacteria

A

e coli

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5
Q

what is an example of cocci bacteria

A

staphylococcus aureus

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6
Q

what is an example of spirillus bacteria

A

helicobacter pylori

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7
Q

what does capnophilic bacteria mean

A

they need carbon dioxide to survive

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8
Q

what does facultative bacteria mean

A

they can survive with or without oxygen

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9
Q

what does microaerophilic bacteria mean

A

they an survive with only a small amount of oxygen

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10
Q

what is the gram stain used for

A

distinguishing between gram positive and gram negative bacteria

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11
Q

what makes bacteria gram positive

A

they have a thick layer of peptidoglycan

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12
Q

what are the layers of the outer membrane of gram positive bacteria

A

plasma membrane
periplasmic space
peptidoglycan

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13
Q

what characterises gram negative bacteria

A

thin layer of peptidoglycan with an outer layer of lipopolysaccharide

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14
Q

describe the layers of the outer membrane of gram negative bacteria

A

plasma membrane
periplasmic space
peptidoglycan
periplasmic space
lipopolysaccharide

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15
Q

what causes caries

A

streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli

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16
Q

what causes periodontitis

A

prevotella intermedia and prophyromonas gingivalis

17
Q

what causes candidiasis

A

candida albicans

18
Q

what does it mean to say fungi are chemoautotrophs

A

they make their own energy

19
Q

what are examples of fungi

A

mold
yeast
mushrooms

20
Q

what is mycology

A

study of fungi

21
Q

what are medical mycologists

A

scientists who study fungi

22
Q

what is mycotoxicology2

A

study of fungal toxins

23
Q

what is mycoses

A

diseases caused by fungi

24
Q

what causes oral candidiasis

A

overgrowth of candida albicans

25
Q

how can oral candidiasis be diagnoses

A

via an oral rinse, biopsy, smear, swab etc

26
Q

how is oral candidiasis treated

A

topical antifungal like nystatin

27
Q

what are the dental implications of prions

A

they can be transmitted through instruments